Re-adhesion Performance of High-Power Permanent-Magnet Direct-Drive Bogie-Suspended Locomotives
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摘要:
针对大功率架悬式永磁直驱驱动系统，研究轮对驱动系统悬挂参数对机车重建黏着性能的影响. 基于平均滑移率和动态滑移率，分析机车黏滑振动机理，并建立轮对驱动系统扭转振动的简化模型，明确悬挂参数匹配原则；搭建某机车多体动力学仿真模型，以启动工况为例，探讨轮对驱动系统悬挂参数对机车重建黏着性能的影响. 仿真结果表明，较小的轮对驱动系统悬挂刚度增大了机车发生黏滑振动的风险，提高膜片式联轴器扭转刚度和一系纵向刚度能有效增强机车的重建黏着性能，将联轴器扭转刚度从1 MN·m/rad增加到5 MN·m/rad时，机车重建黏着性能提升了约12%；不合理的悬挂参数匹配可能将导致轮对纵向-旋转振动共振，不仅加剧了轮对驱动系统结构振动，而且极大削弱机车重建黏着性能. 因此，合理匹配轮对驱动系统悬挂参数对于提高机车重建黏着性能至关重要.
Abstract:To address the high-power permanent-magnet direct-drive bogie-suspended traction systems, the impact of suspension parameters of the wheelset drive system on the re-adhesion performance of locomotives was investigated. Based on the average slip rate and dynamic slip rate, the mechanism of locomotive stick-slip vibration was analyzed, and a simplified torsional vibration model of the wheelset drive system was established to clarify the suspension parameter matching principles. A multi-body dynamics simulation model of a specific locomotive was constructed, and the starting condition was taken as an example to explore the impact of suspension parameters of the wheelset drive system on the locomotive’s re-adhesion performance. Simulation results show that lower suspension stiffness of the wheelset drive system increases the risk of stick-slip vibration in the locomotive. Increasing the torsional stiffness of the diaphragm coupling and the primary longitudinal stiffness can effectively enhance the locomotive’s re-adhesion performance. When the torsional stiffness of the coupling was increased from 1 MN·m/rad to 5 MN·m/rad, the locomotive’s re-adhesion performance is improved by approximately 12%. However, improper matching of suspension parameters may lead to the longitudinal-rotational resonance of the wheelset, which not only exacerbates the vibration of the wheelset drive system but also significantly weakens the locomotive’s re-adhesion performance. Therefore, proper matching of the suspension parameters of the wheelset drive system is crucial for improving the locomotive’s re-adhesion performance.
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图 2 架悬永磁直驱轮驱系统
Figure 2. Permanent-magnet direct-drive bogie-suspended wheelset drive system
图 3 架悬永磁直驱轮驱系统扭转振动模型
Figure 3. Torsional vibration model of permanent-magnet direct-drive bogie-suspended wheelset drive system
图 5 一系纵向刚度与联轴器扭转刚度共振曲线
Figure 5. Resonance curves of primary longitudinal stiffness and torsional stiffness of coupling
图 8 轮对旋转加速度和纵向加速度的最大值
Figure 8. Maximum Rotational acceleration and longitudinal acceleration of wheelset
图 9 轮对纵向及旋转加速度频谱
Figure 9. Spectrum of longitudinal and rotational acceleration of wheelset
图 10 不同空心轴联轴器扭转刚度对应的纵向蠕滑率
Figure 10. Longitudinal creep rate corresponding to different torsional stiffness of hollow-shaft couplings
表 1 不同轮轨黏着状态参数
Table 1. Parameters of different wheel-rail adhesion states
黏着状态 μ0 A B 干燥 0.55 0.40 0.60 湿润 0.30 0.40 0.20 油态 0.30 0.50 0.10 
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