HTR-PM主氦风机转子系统响应分析与载荷优化

唐晓轩; 杜国伟; 孙喆; 赵雷

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230503

HTR-PM主氦风机转子系统响应分析与载荷优化

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230503

唐晓轩^1,,
杜国伟²,
孙喆¹,
赵雷^1, ,

1.
清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院，北京 100084
2.
浙江省能源局，浙江杭州 310000

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2023YFB2406300）；国家重大科技专项经费资助项目（2011ZX069）

详细信息

作者简介:
唐晓轩（1993—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为电磁轴承转子动力学，E-mail：tangxx21@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

通讯作者:
赵雷（1963—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为电磁轴承，E-mail：zhaolei@tsinghua.edu.cn

中图分类号: TH212；TH213.3
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- 文章访问数: 94
- HTML全文浏览量: 26
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-27
- 修回日期: 2024-09-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-12

Response Analysis and Load Optimization of High Temperature Reactor-Pebblebed Modules Main Helium Blower Rotor System

TANG Xiaoxuan^1
,,
DU Guowei²,
SUN Zhe¹,
ZHAO Lei^{1
, ,}

1.
Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2.
Zhejiang Provincial Energy Bureau, Hangzhou 310000, China

摘要

摘要:
针对HTR-PM （high temperature reactor-pebblebed modules）主氦风机磁轴承-转子系统中径向主动磁轴承的参数设计与性能优化问题，首先，通过将期望特性应用于动力学分析对系统边界条件进行梳理；其次，采用瞬态分析法模拟轴承控制参数对系统响应和载荷的影响，得到转子系统满足设计期望的理想控制参数范围；进一步根据该参数范围内转子在不同的转速、等效不平衡、轴承刚度和轴承阻尼下的动力响应结果，分析控制参数与转子响应间的影响，根据其规律求解磁轴承-转子系统在工作频率范围内各频段的最优控制参数；最后，研究归纳磁轴承-转子系统在不同工作条件和性能需求下，响应位移、轴承载荷与磁轴承等效刚度和阻尼比间的变化规律，据此设计并验证根据转子的即时工作频率选取合适控制参数的控制方案. 结果表明：参数选择符合优化条件时，该方法能在满足转子系统工作需求的同时抑制不平衡响应的总体幅值，消除谐振峰，并且轴承处的最大载荷也得到了优化.
- 电磁轴承 /
- 有限元分析 /
- 转子动力学 /
- 不平衡分析
Abstract:
In response to the parameter design and performance optimization of radial active magnetic bearings in the magnetic bearing rotor system of the high temperature reactor-pebblebed modules (HTR-PM) main helium blower, the system boundary conditions were sorted out by applying the expected characteristics to dynamic analysis. Meanwhile, the transient analysis method was used to simulate the influence of bearing control parameters on the system’s response and loads, and the ideal control parameter range that satisfied the design expectations for the rotor system was obtained. Subsequently, based on the dynamic response results of the rotor under different rotational speeds, equivalent unbalance, bearing stiffness, and bearing damping within the parameter range, the influence between the control parameters and rotor response was analyzed. According to the obtained patterns, the optimal control parameters for the magnetic bearing–rotor system at each frequency band within the operating frequency range were determined. Finally, the variation laws between the response displacement, bearing load, equivalent stiffness, and damping ratio of magnetic bearing–rotor system under different working conditions and performance requirements were summarized. A control scheme for selecting appropriate control parameters based on the real-time operating frequency of the rotor was designed and verified. The results show that when the control parameter selection meets the optimization conditions, this method is able to suppress the overall amplitude of the unbalanced response, eliminate the resonance peaks, and optimize the maximum load at the bearings while achieving the working requirements of the rotor system.
- electromagnetic bearing /
- finite element analysis /
- rotor dynamics /
- unbalance analysis

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图 1 转子模态随支撑刚度变化示意

Figure 1. Variations of rotor modal with support stiffness

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图 2 2种转子动力响应特性曲线

Figure 2. Dynamic response characteristic curves of two types of rotors

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图 3 HTR-PM主氦风机样机与建模模型

Figure 3. Prototype and modeling model of HTR-PM main helium blower

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图 4 主氦风机转子模型

Figure 4. Rotor model of main helium blower

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图 5 转子模型不平衡位置与相位示意

Figure 5. Rotor model unbalanc positions and phase

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图 6 转子-轴承系统的ANSYS模型及约束条件

Figure 6. ANSYS model and boundary conditions of rotor–bearing system

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图 7 轴承刚度为8 × 10⁷ N/m时转子前四阶模态振型

Figure 7. First four mode shapes of rotor with bearing stiffness of 8 × 10⁷ N/m

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图 8 转子前四阶模态频率随刚度变化曲线

Figure 8. Variations of first four modal frequencies of rotor with stiffness

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图 9 转子不平衡响应时域曲线

Figure 9. Time-domain curves of rotor unbalance response

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图 10 转子不平衡响应频响曲线

Figure 10. Frequency-domain curves of rotor unbalance response

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图 11 转子位移响应曲线

Figure 11. Rotor displacement response curves

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图 13 主氦风机样机升速实验响应位移

Figure 13. Displacement response of main helium blower prototype during speed-up test

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图 12 轴承载荷曲线

Figure 12. Bearing load curves

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图 14 设计参数与定参数控制下轴承B位置响应曲线Fig.14 Response curves at bearing B under designed and fixed control parameters

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表 1 HTR-PW主氦风机转子主要性能指标

Table 1. Main performance parameters of HTR-PM main helium blower rotor

项目	参数
转子质量m/kg	4000
质心位置/mm	1500
径向转动惯量/（kg·mm²）	2.7 × 10⁹
轴向转动惯量/（kg·mm²）	2.2 × 10⁸
转子长度/mm	3500
工作转速范围/（rad·s⁻¹）	14～70
分离裕度/（rad·s⁻¹）	14
转子一阶弯曲频率/（rad·s⁻¹）	> 84 × （70 + 14）

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表 2 径向轴承设计参数

Table 2. Design parameters of radial bearings

轴承参数	数值
电磁轴承 A 位置Z_A/mm	2600
电磁轴承 B 位置Z_B/mm	800
轴承 A 力臂$ {{l}}_{\mathrm{A}} $/mm	1100
轴承 B 力臂$ {{l}}_{\mathrm{B}} $/mm	700
磁导率$ {\mathrm{\mu }}_{0} $/（H·m⁻¹）	4π × 10⁻⁷
线圈匝数N/匝	30
轴承轴向厚度/mm	300
轴承单磁极宽度/mm	60
轴承处转子直径/mm	300
电磁铁偏置电流/A	20
轴承与转子间隙/mm	1
磁极投影面积/mm²	1.7 × 10⁴

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表 3 3种预设不平衡的力臂

Table 3. Moment arms of three preset unbalances

不平衡位置	叶轮处	轴承 B 处	质心处
力臂/mm	−1200	−700	0
注：力臂值为负表示径向平面向外的方向.

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表 4 各转速阶段下轴承刚度和阻尼比

Table 4. Bearing stiffnesses and damping ratios at different rotational rates

转速/（rad·s⁻¹）	k_e/（N·m⁻¹）	ζ
0～30	1 × 10⁶	0.707
30～40	5 × 10⁶	0.500
40～70	1 × 10⁷	0.200

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