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多孔沥青混合料的声学性能评价

李金凤 何兆益 孔林

李金凤, 何兆益, 孔林. 多孔沥青混合料的声学性能评价[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2022, 57(1): 207-214. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210074
引用本文: 李金凤, 何兆益, 孔林. 多孔沥青混合料的声学性能评价[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2022, 57(1): 207-214. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210074
LI Jinfeng, HE Zhaoyi, KONG Lin. Evaluation of Acoustic Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2022, 57(1): 207-214. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210074
Citation: LI Jinfeng, HE Zhaoyi, KONG Lin. Evaluation of Acoustic Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2022, 57(1): 207-214. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210074

多孔沥青混合料的声学性能评价

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210074
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51978116);交通运输部行业重点科技项目(2018-TG-003)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李金凤(1986—),女,博士研究生,研究方向为道路工程,E-mail:511417058@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: U416

Evaluation of Acoustic Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete

  • 摘要:

    多孔沥青混合料的吸声性能对降低轮胎/路面噪声有重要影响,为此采用驻波管按1/3倍频对多孔沥青混合料(PAC)、沥青玛蹄脂碎石(SMA-13)和密级配沥青混合料(AC-13)的吸声频谱进行了测试,研究分析了级配类型、空隙率、试件厚度及表面纹理构造对混合料吸声性能的影响. 试验结果表明:PAC混合料的空隙率较大,其吸声频谱随频率呈先升后降的变化趋势,吸声性能远好于SMA-13和AC-13,并给出了吸声系数随连通空隙率的线性表达式;PAC的空隙率越高,公称最大粒径越大,平均吸声系数和峰值吸声系数均越大(降噪性能越好),吸声频谱的峰值频率越高;随着试件厚度减小,PAC的峰值吸声系数有所增大,吸声频谱峰值逐渐向高频方向移动,但平均吸声系数逐渐减小;SMA-13相比AC-13的平均吸声系数略大,同一PAC混合料试件的糙面接受声波相比光面接受声波时的平均吸声系数大13.9%,表面纹理构造也是影响PAC混合料吸声性能的重要因素. 空隙率、公称最大粒径和厚度的增加均有利于PAC混合料吸声性能提升,前两者更有益于吸收高频噪声,后者则有益于吸收低频噪声.

     

  • 图 1  不同沥青混合料车辙板钻心后的试件

    Figure 1.  Core drilling specimens of different asphalt concrete

    图 2  吸声系数测试装置

    Figure 2.  Test instrument for sound absorption coefficient

    图 3  同一级配沥青混合料不同试件的吸声系数

    Figure 3.  Sound absorption coefficient of different specimens of the same gradation asphalt concrete

    图 4  级配类型和空隙率对吸声系数的影响

    Figure 4.  Effect of gradation type and porosity on sound absorption coefficient spectra

    图 5  最大公称粒径对吸声系数的影响

    Figure 5.  Effect of maximum nominal particle size on sound absorption coefficient spectra

    图 6  沥青混合料吸声系数随连通空隙率的变化关系

    Figure 6.  Relationship between sound absorption coefficient of asphalt concrete and connected porosity

    图 7  试件厚度对吸声系数的影响

    Figure 7.  Effect of specimen thickness on sound absorption coefficient spectra

    图 8  表面纹理接收入射声波的情况

    Figure 8.  Condition of specimen surface texture receiving incident sound wave

    图 9  表面纹理对吸声系数的影响

    Figure 9.  Effect of specimen surface texture on sound absorption coefficient spectra

    图 10  不同级配沥青混合料的降噪水平

    Figure 10.  Noise reduction level of asphalt concrete with different gradations

    表  1  不同沥青混合料的级配组成

    Table  1.   Gradation composition of different asphalt concrete %

    试件编号通过筛孔(mm)的质量百分比油石比空隙率
    连通空隙率
    19.00016.00013.2009.5004.7502.3601.1800.6000.3000.1500.075
    PAC-16 100.0 94.5 82.0 51.0 20.5 16.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.5 4.0 4.7 19.5 13.2
    PAC-13a 100.0 100.0 95.0 69.0 26.5 20.5 15.5 11.0 8.0 6.0 4.0 4.8 16.7 8.9
    PAC-13b 100.0 100.0 90.5 63.0 19.5 14.0 12.5 9.0 7.0 5.5 4.0 4.8 20.0 12.6
    PAC-13c 100.0 100.0 86.0 52.0 15.5 13.0 10.5 8.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 4.7 23.1 17.3
    PAC-10 100.0 100.0 100.0 90.0 39.0 13.0 9.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 4.9 19.8 10.1
    PAC-5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.0 30.0 18.0 12.0 9.0 7.0 5.0 5.1 19.4 8.2
    SMA-13 100.0 100.0 95.0 62.5 27.0 20.5 19.0 16.0 13.0 12.0 10.0 6.1 3.9 0.6
    AC-13 100.0 100.0 95.0 76.5 53.0 37.0 26.5 19.0 13.5 10.0 6.0 4.6 4.2 0.7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同厚度下沥青混合料试样的平均吸声系数

    Table  2.   Average sound absorption coefficient of asphalt concrete samples with different thicknesses

    试样厚度 厚度≈5.3 cm 厚度≈4.1 cm 厚度≈2.1 cm
    PAC-13b 0.2309 0.2101 0.1836
    PAC-10 0.2018 0.1909 0.1718
    PAC-5 0.1973 0.1855 0.1691
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-01-26
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-26
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-11-22
  • 刊出日期:  2021-10-21

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