地震与滑坡碎屑流引发堰塞湖涌浪动水压力研究

赵海鑫; 姚令侃; 黄艺丹; 苏玥

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190323

地震与滑坡碎屑流引发堰塞湖涌浪动水压力研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190323

赵海鑫^1,,
姚令侃^1,2,3, ,,
黄艺丹^1,4,
苏玥¹

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41571004），四川省重点研发项目（2019YFG0001）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵海鑫（1991—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为铁路公路工程灾害防治及安全技术，E-mail：zhaohaixin@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
姚令侃（1953—），男，教授，研究方向为复杂艰险山区铁路公路选线及山地灾害综合防治技术. E-mail：yaolk@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TV69
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-10
- 修回日期: 2019-12-10
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-16
- 刊出日期: 2021-06-15

Hydrodynamic Pressures Study of Barrier Lake under Coaction of Earthquake and Clastic Flow Landslide

ZHAO Haixin^1
,,
YAO Lingkan^{1,2,3
, ,},
HUANG Yidan^1,4,
SU Yue¹

摘要

摘要: 为了研究堰塞湖水体在地震以及同震滑坡碎屑流共同作用下产生的涌浪动水压力，设计了振动台造波模型试验，开展了地震作用下堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，获取单独地震作用下动水压力数据并同已有地震动水压力计算公式进行比较；开展了滑坡碎屑流作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，获取单独滑坡碎屑流作用下动水压力数据，进而建立了计算滑坡碎屑流作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力的统计公式；开展了地震和滑坡碎屑流综合作用下的堰塞湖涌浪动水压力试验，最终建立了复合动水压力的计算公式. 研究结果表明：地震涌浪动水压力与水深和地震峰值加速度的关系可用Westergaard公式描述；滑坡碎屑流涌浪动水压力与初始水深负相关，与碎屑流入水速度和碎屑流体积正相关；复合动水压力小于单独地震动水压力和单独滑坡碎屑流动水压力二者之和，约为二者和的51%～95%.
- 地震 /
- 滑坡碎屑流 /
- 堰塞湖 /
- 复合动水压力
Abstract: A shaking table model experiment was designed to study the hydrodynamic pressures of the barrier lake under the action of an earthquake and a clastic flow landslide. Firstly, an experiment was carried to study the hydrodynamic pressure of the barrier lake under the action of an earthquake to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure data, which was compared with the existing calculation formula of seismic hydrodynamic pressure. Then, an experiment was carried to study the hydrodynamic pressure caused by the surge of the barrier lake under the action of a clastic flow landslide to obtain the hydrodynamic pressure data and a statistical formula was established. Finally, an experiment was carried to study the combined hydrodynamic pressure under the effect of an earthquake and a co-seismic clastic flow landslide and a formula for calculating the combined hydrodynamic pressure caused by an earthquake and a clastic flow landslide was established. The results show that the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure caused by an earthquake and water depth and seismic peak acceleration can be described by Westergaard’ formula. The hydrodynamic pressure caused by a clastic flow landslide is negatively related to the initial water depth, positively related to the inflow velocity and volume of landslide. The combined hydrodynamic pressure is less than the sum of the single hydrodynamic pressure under the action of an earthquake and the single hydrodynamic pressure under the action of a clastic flow landslide, which is about 51% − 95% of the sum of two.
- earthquake /
- clastic flow landslide /
- barrier lake /
- combined hydrodynamic pressures

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图 1 试验装置

Figure 1. Experimental apparatus

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图 2 不同初始水深下复合涌浪动水压力的比较

Figure 2. Comparison of composite hydrodynamic pressures at different initial water depths

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图 3 P_fh、P_d和P_h之间的关系

Figure 3. Relationship among P_fh，P_d and P_h

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图 4 使用式（7）计算值和测量值之间的比较

Figure 4. Comparison between measured value and calculated value used by eq. (7)

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图 5 涌浪动水压力

Figure 5. Surge hydrodynamic pressure

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表 1 123组试验组合

Table 1. Experimental conditions for 123 laboratory tests

组号	编号	地震波地震动加速度峰值（PGA）/（×g）	碎屑质量 s/kg	初始水深/m	入水速度/（m•s⁻¹）
A	1～15	0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5		0.1，0.2，0.3
B	16～33		10，20，30	0.1，0.2，0.3	1.64，3.28
C	34～123	0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4，0.5	10，20，30	0.1，0.2，0.3	1.64，3.28

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