Abstract: The railwaywagonwith different axle-loads running on 60 kg/mPD-1 tangent rail is simulated in laboratory, and the effects of axle-load on the wear of wheel and rail are analyzed. Experimental results showthatthewearratioofwheel and rail under25 t axle-load is obviously largerthan thatunder21 t and 23 t axle loads respectively. So, under the present railway standard, it is not appropriate to increase the axle- load of railwaywagon from 21 t to 25 t in China.