Abstract: Some issues encountered in modern wastewater treatment technologies based on activated sludges are summarized in this paper. It is pointed out that with the increasingly high requests on environmental quality from the society, the present technologies cannot fulfill the requirements of water area and water resource protection, and that the function ofwastewater treatment facilities should be extended by confining and killing resistant pathogens. It is necessary to develop newtechnologies as countermeasures to cope with the problems of this kind that may arise in China in the near future. The combination of activated sludges and microfiltration will open a newway in this respect.