Calculation and Analysis of Cable Metal Sheath-to-Ground Potential Under Influence of Metro Stray Current
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摘要:
为分析地铁杂散电流对电缆金属护层对地电位的影响，考虑其经金属护层与大地的双重入侵路径，分别构建了双端接地与交叉互联接地方式下的电缆金属护层电气量分析模型；基于叠加定理，将感应电压与杂散电流产生的电压降进行叠加，推导出两种接地方式下电缆金属护层任意位置对地电位的计算方法；通过某交叉互联接地方式下110 kV电缆的实测电流对计算值进行验证，并基于PSCAD仿真平台对两种接地方式下对地电位计算结果进行验证；在此基础上，采用所提模型分析杂散电流幅值、频率及土壤电阻率对金属护层对地电位的影响. 研究结果表明：电缆金属护层电流计算值与实测值趋势基本一致，相对误差为3.08%；交叉互联处对地电位的计算误差为0.86%，双端接地方式下金属护层中点位置对地电位计算误差为1.13%；双端接地方式下，电缆金属护层对地电位始终处于安全限值以内，杂散电流从0增至300 A时，金属护层中点位置对地电位由1.10 V增至30.25 V；交叉互联接地方式下，当杂散电流超过162 A时，交叉互联处对地电位超过50 V限值；杂散电流频率对两种接地方式下电缆金属护层对地电位的幅值均无明显影响，仅使峰值出现更为频繁；土壤电阻率增大会抬升电缆金属护层对地电位，且双端接地方式下的抬升幅度较交叉互联接地方式更为显著.
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关键词:
- 地铁杂散电流 /
- 电力电缆 /
- 金属护层 /
- 电缆金属护层对地电位 /
- 接地方式
Abstract:To analyze the influence of metro stray current on the cable metal sheath-to-ground potential, by considering its dual intrusion paths through the metal sheath and the ground, electrical quantity analysis models for the cable metal sheath under double-end grounding and cross-bonded grounding methods were respectively established. Based on the superposition theorem, the induced voltage and the voltage drop generated by stray current were superposed, and a calculation method for the sheath-to-ground potential at any position of the cable metal sheath under the two grounding methods was derived. The calculated values were verified by the measured current of a 110 kV cable under the cross-bonded grounding method, and the calculation results of the sheath-to-ground potential under the two grounding methods were verified based on the PSCAD simulation platform. On this basis, the proposed models were adopted to analyze the influence of stray current amplitude, frequency, and soil resistivity on the metal sheath-to-ground potential. The research results indicate that the trend of the calculated value of the cable metal sheath current is basically consistent with that of the measured value, with a relative error of 3.08%; the calculation error of the sheath-to-ground potential at the cross-bonded joint is 0.86%, and the calculation error of the sheath-to-ground potential at the midpoint position of the metal sheath under the double-end grounding method is 1.13%; under the double-end grounding method, the cable metal sheath-to-ground potential always remains within the safety limit, and when the stray current increases from 0 A to 300 A, the sheath-to-ground potential at the midpoint position of the metal sheath increases from 1.10 V to 30.25 V; under the cross-bonded grounding method, when the stray current exceeds 162 A, the sheath-to-ground potential at the cross-bonded joint exceeds the 50 V limit; the stray current frequency has no obvious influence on the amplitude of the cable metal sheath-to-ground potential under the two grounding methods but only makes the peak appear more frequently; the increase of soil resistivity raises the cable metal sheath-to-ground potential, and the raising amplitude under the double-end grounding method is more significant than that under the cross-bonded grounding method.
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图 1 地铁杂散电流入侵城市电网路径示意
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of invasion paths of metro stray current into urban power grid
图 5 双端接地方式下电缆金属护层电气量分析模型
Figure 5. Electrical quantity analysis model for cable metal sheath under double-end grounding method
图 7 交叉互联接地方式下电缆金属护层电气量分析模型
Figure 7. Electrical quantity analysis model for cable metal sheath under cross-bonded grounding method
图 10 交叉互联接地电缆金属护层电流计算值与实测值
Figure 10. Calculated and measured values of cable metal sheath current under cross-bonded grounding
图 11 交叉互联接地电缆金属护层沿线电位幅值分布
Figure 11. Distribution of potential amplitude along cable metal sheath under cross-bonded grounding
图 12 双端接地电缆金属护层沿线电位幅值分布
Figure 12. Distribution of potential amplitude along cable metal sheath under double-end grounding
图 13 金属护层交叉互联处对地电位计算值与仿真值比较
Figure 13. Comparison of calculated and simulated values of sheath-to-ground potential at cross-bonded joint of metal sheath
图 14 金属护层中点对地电位计算值与仿真值比较
Figure 14. Comparison of calculated and simulated values of sheath-to-ground potential at midpoint of metal sheath
图 15 杂散电流幅值对电缆金属护层对地电位影响的计算结果
Figure 15. Calculation results of effect of stray current amplitude on cable metal sheath-to-ground potential
图 16 杂散电流频率对电缆金属护层对地电位影响的计算结果
Figure 16. Calculation results of effect of stray current frequency on cable metal sheath-to-ground potential
图 17 土壤电阻率对电缆金属护层对地电位影响的计算结果
Figure 17. Calculation results of effect of soil resistivity on cable metal sheath-to-ground potential
表 1 电缆结构参数
Table 1. Cable structure parameters
电缆参数 数值 电缆参数 数值 线芯外径/mm 24.5 绝缘厚度/mm 17.0 半导电屏蔽层厚度/mm 2.0 金属护层内径/mm 60.5 绝缘层相对介电常数 2.5 金属护层外径/mm 64.5 线芯电阻率/（Ω·m） 1.68 × 10−8 电缆外径/mm 90.3 金属护层电阻率/（Ω·m） 2.80 × 10−8 电缆长度/m 1110 
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