电流源型逆变器的直接数字式空间矢量调制技术

乔辉; 华泽玺; 苗轶如

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20260063

电流源型逆变器的直接数字式空间矢量调制技术

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20260063

乔辉^{1, 2,},
华泽玺^1, ,,
苗轶如³

1.
西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院，四川成都 611756
2.
国机工业互联网研究院（河南）有限公司，河南郑州 450007
3.
重庆大学输变电装备技术全国重点实验室，重庆 400044

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（62475220）

详细信息

作者简介:
乔辉（1987—），男，高级工程师，博士研究生，研究方向为新能源发电系统的数字控制技术，E-mail：qiaohui@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
华泽玺（1968—），男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为电气检测与控制技术，E-mail：huazexi@163.com

中图分类号: TM464
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-02-02
- 修回日期: 2026-06-23
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-30

Direct Digital Space Vector Modulation Technology for Current Source Inverters

QIAO Hui^{1, 2
,},
HUA Zexi^{1
, ,},
MIAO Yiru³

1.
School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
2.
Sinomach Industry Internet Research Institute (Henan) Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450007, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

摘要

摘要:
针对电流源型逆变器（CSI）空间矢量脉宽调制（SVPWM）中开关信号无法通过数字调制信号与载波信号直接比较生成、需额外引入硬件逻辑转换电路导致可靠性下降与信号延时的问题，提出一种面向CSI的SVPWM直接数字式实现方法. 首先，分析所有开关状态形成的基本矢量空间分布，给出参考电流矢量的扇区判断方法；以前3个扇区为例，推导相邻矢量的占空比计算方法，总结所有扇区的矢量选择与占空比计算表达式，并对过调制区的占空比进行修正；然后，将单位载波周期内矢量作用顺序映射为开关动作信号，总结不同扇区下数字信号处理器（DSP）动作限定寄存器与比较值寄存器的配置方法；最后，设计控制系统环路结构，在3 kW实验平台上对所提方法进行验证，并与采用逻辑硬件转换电路的方案进行稳态性能对比. 实验结果表明：所提方法能够使DSP输出正确的开关信号波形，电流总谐波畸变率（THD）仅为0.99%，5次与7次谐波含量分别为0.100%与0.105%；而采用硬件逻辑转换电路方案的电流THD为1.46%，5次与7次谐波含量分别为0.180%与0.160%. 所提直接数字式SVPWM实现方法正确可行，由于避免了信号传输延时，具有更优越的稳态性能.
- 电流源型逆变器 /
- 空间矢量调制策略 /
- 数字信号处理器 /
- 占空比
Abstract:
To address the problems in the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) of current source inverter (CSI) that switching signals cannot be directly generated through the comparison between digital modulation signals and carrier signals, and that the required additional hardware logic conversion circuits cause reliability degradation and signal delay, a direct digital implementation method of SVPWM for CSI was proposed. Firstly, the spatial distribution of basic vectors formed by all switching states was analyzed, and a sector determination method for the reference current vector was provided. Taking the first three sectors as an example, the calculation method for the duty cycle of adjacent vectors was derived; the expressions for vector selection and duty cycle calculation in all sectors were summarized, and the duty cycle in the over-modulation region was corrected. Then, the vector action sequence within a carrier cycle was mapped into switching action signals, and the configuration methods of action qualifier registers and compare value registers of the digital signal processor (DSP) under different sectors were summarized. Finally, the loop structure of the control system was designed, the proposed method was verified on a 3 kW experimental platform, and its steady-state performance was compared with that of the scheme adopting hardware logic conversion circuits. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method enables the DSP to output correct switching signal waveforms; the total harmonic distortion (THD) of current is only 0.99%, and the 5th and 7th harmonic contents are 0.100% and 0.105%, respectively. The current THD of the scheme adopting hardware logic conversion circuits is 1.46%, and the 5th and 7th harmonic contents are 0.180% and 0.160%, respectively. The proposed direct digital implementation method of SVPWM is correct and feasible, and it has superior steady-state performance due to the avoidance of signal transmission delay.
- current source inverter /
- space vector modulation strategy /
- digital signal processor /
- duty cycle

HTML全文

图 1 电流源型光伏并网逆变器的拓扑结构

Figure 1. Topology structure of current source photovoltaic grid-connected inverter

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图 2 3种典型开关状态下电流流向的等效电路

Figure 2. Equivalent circuit diagrams of current flow direction under three typical switching states

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图 3 两种开关状态下形成的有效电流矢量合成示意

Figure 3. Schematic of active current vector synthesis formed under two switching states

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图 4 CSI的矢量及扇区分布

Figure 4. Vector and sector distribution of CSI

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图 5 不同扇区下的目标电流矢量合成示意

Figure 5. Schematic of target current vector synthesis under different sectors

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图 6 一个载波周期内的开关信号

Figure 6. Switching signals in a carrier cycle

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图 7 电流环路的结构框图

Figure 7. Block diagram of current loop structure

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图 8 电流源型并网逆变器实验平台

Figure 8. Experimental platform of current source grid-connected inverter

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图 9 面向DSP的CSI直接数字式调制算法流程

Figure 9. Flowchart of CSI direct digital modulation algorithm for DSP

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图 10 开关信号的实验波形

Figure 10. Experimental waveforms of switching signals

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图 11 采用直接SVPWM算法的实验结果

Figure 11. Experimental results of adopting direct SVPWM algorithm

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图 12 采用直接SVPWM算法的实验结果

Figure 12. Experimental results of adopting direct SVPWM algorithm

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表 1 n和扇区的关系

Table 1. Relationship between n and sectors

n	1	2	3	4	5	6
扇区	Ⅰ	Ⅲ	Ⅱ	Ⅳ	Ⅵ	Ⅴ

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表 2 各扇区所施加的有效矢量、零矢量及其占空比

Table 2. Applied active vectors, zero vectors, and their duty cycles in all sectors

扇区	第一有效矢量及其占空比	第二有效矢量及其占空比	零矢量及其占空比
Ⅰ	I₆，d₆= −Y/i_dc	I₁，d₁=Z/i_dc	I₇，d₇= 1− d₁− d₆
Ⅱ	I₁，d₁= X/i_dc	I₂，d₂=Y/i_dc	I₈，d₈= 1− d₁− d₂
Ⅲ	I₂，d₂= Z/i_dc	I₃，d₆=−X/i_dc	I₉，d₉= 1− d₂− d₃
Ⅳ	I₃，d₃= Y/i_dc	I₄，d₄=−Z/i_dc	I₇，d₇= 1− d₃− d₄
Ⅴ	I₄，d₄= −X/i_dc	I₅，d₅=−Y/i_dc	I₈，d₈= 1− d₄− d₅
Ⅵ	I₅，d₅= −Z/i_dc	I₆，d₆=X/i_dc	I₉，d₉= 1− d₅ − d₆

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表 3 所有扇区的矢量切换顺序

Table 3. Vector switching sequences in all sectors

扇区	矢量切换顺序
Ⅰ	I₇ → I₆ → I₁ → I₇ → I₁ → I₆ → I₇
Ⅱ	I₈ → I₁ → I₂ → I₈ → I₂ → I₁ → I₈
Ⅲ	I₉ → I₂ → I₃ → I₉ → I₃ → I₂ → I₉
Ⅳ	I₇ → I₃ → I₄ → I₇ → I₄ → I₃ → I₇
Ⅴ	I₈ → I₄ → I₅ → I₈ → I₅ → I₄ → I₈
Ⅵ	I₉ → I₅ → I₆ → I₉ → I₆ → I₅ → I₉

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表 4 所有扇区六格开关管的动作模式

Table 4. Action modes of six switching tubes in all sectors

扇区	S₁	S₂	S₃	S₄	S₅	S₆
Ⅰ	导通	有效模式 2	关断	零模式	关断	有效模式 1
Ⅱ	有效模式 1	导通	有效模式 2	关断	零模式	关断
Ⅲ	关断	有效模式 1	导通	有效模式 1	关断	零模式
Ⅳ	零模式	关断	有效模式 1	导通	有效模式 2	关断
Ⅴ	关断	零模式	关断	有效模式 1	导通	有效模式 2
Ⅵ	有效模式 2	关断	零模式	关断	有效模式 1	导通

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表 5 不同模式下的动作限定寄存器配置

Table 5. Configuration of action qualifier registers under different modes

模式	CBD （11-10）	CBU （9-8）	CAD （7-6）	CAU （5-4）	PRD （3-2）	ZRO （1-0）
导通	00	00	00	00	00	10
关断	00	00	00	00	00	01
零模式	01	10	10	01	00	10
有效模式	10	01	01	10	00	01

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