Connection Scheme of Stray Current Collection Network for DC Traction Power Supply System
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摘要:
针对杂散电流引发的周边电力系统直流干扰与城市管网损坏等问题，本文提出一种采用贯通电缆连接道床钢筋的新型杂散电流收集网优化方案，并系统研究其对杂散电流防护效果的影响机理. 基于贯通电缆连接的优化方案，建立考虑杂散电流收集网的直流牵引供电系统四层回流模型，进而采用边界元法实现杂散电流收集网泄漏电流和回流系统模型的耦合，以提升仿真精度. 通过缩比模拟实验完成对所提模型的仿真精度验证，并以国内某地铁工程为例，定量分析杂散电流收集网传统95 mm2电缆跨接方式和贯通电缆连接方式对二次杂散电流及地电位梯度的影响. 研究结果表明：仿真结果的平均误差为11.76%，当直接使用95 mm2电缆跨接时，全线地电位梯度在钢轨过渡电阻小于7.72 Ω•km时小于2.5 mV/m；当使用120 mm2贯通电缆连接时，全线地电位梯度在钢轨过渡电阻小于5.37 Ω•km时小于2.5 mV/m. 采用贯通电缆连接可明显降低杂散电流，使用120 mm2贯通电缆连接会使得二次杂散电流整体下降36.59%，地电位梯度整体下降35.28%；使用200 mm2贯通电缆连接使得二次杂散电流整体下降47.30%，地电位梯度整体下降46.89%.
Abstract:To address DC interference in surrounding power systems and damage to urban pipeline networks caused by stray currents, a novel optimization scheme for the stray current collection network is proposed, in which a continuous cable is used to connect the trackbed reinforcement. The underlying mechanism through which this scheme influences the effectiveness of stray current protection is also systematically investigated. Based on the proposed continuous cable connection scheme, a four-layer return current model of a DC traction power supply system was developed to account for the stray current collection network. The boundary element method was then employed to couple the leakage current from the stray current collection network with the return current system model, thus improving simulation accuracy. The simulation accuracy of the proposed model was verified by scaled simulation experiments. A metro project in China was used as a case study to quantitatively analyze the effects of the conventional cross-connection method using 95 mm2 cables and the continuous cable connection method on secondary stray current and the earth potential gradient. The results show that the average simulation error is 11.76%. When a 95 mm2 cable is used directly for cross-connection and the rail-to-earth transition resistance is less than 7.72 Ω•km, the earth potential gradient along the entire line remains below 2.5 mV/m. When a 120 mm2 continuous cable is used for connection and the rail-to-earth transition resistance is less than 5.37 Ω•km, the earth potential gradient along the entire line remains below 2.5 mV/m. Using a continuous cable connection can significantly reduce stray current. Using a 120 mm2 continuous cable for connection reduces the secondary stray current by 36.59% and the earth potential gradient by 35.28% overall. Using a 200 mm2 continuous cable for connection reduces the secondary stray current by 47.30% and the earth potential gradient by 46.89% overall.
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图 6 杂散电流缩比模拟实验示意
Figure 6. Setup for scaled stray current simulation experiment （a） Experimental site; （b） Soil stratification; （c） Measurement point layout
图 14 RE=15 Ω•km时全线地电位梯度
Figure 14. Earth potential gradient along entire line at RE = 15 Ω•km
图 15 不同过渡电阻下的二次杂散电流（a）Case1. （b）Case2. （c）Case3.
Figure 15. Secondary stray current at different RE values （a） Case 1; （b） Case 2; （c） Case 3
图 16 不同过渡电阻下的地电位梯度（a）Case1. （b）Case2. （c）Case3.
Figure 16. Earth potential gradient at different RE values （a） Case 1; （b） Case 2; （c） Case 3
图 17 贯通电缆不同截面时的二次杂散电流仿真结果
Figure 17. Simulated secondary stray current for different continuous cable cross-sectional areas
图 18 贯通电缆不同截面时的地电位梯度仿真结果
Figure 18. Simulated earth potential gradient for different continuous cable cross-sectional areas
表 1 缩比模拟实验工况设置
Table 1. Test conditions for scaled simulation experiment
工况 SCCN截面（mm2） 贯通电缆截面（mm2） CaseA 10 CaseB 10 2.5 
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表 2 牵引供电系统电路模型参数设置
Table 2. Parameter settings for traction power supply system circuit model
参数 数值 电压等级/V 1500 空载电压/V 1664 逆变回馈装置启动电压/V 1730 发车间隔/s 280 Rt/（Ω•km−1） 0.0172 Rr/（Ω•km−1） 0.02 Rg/Ω 0.5 ρ1/（Ω•m） 1 × 1018 ρ2/（Ω•m） 300 ρ3/（Ω•m） 9.55 × 10−8
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表 3 仿真工况设置
Table 3. Simulation case settings
mm2 工况 SCCN截面 贯通电缆截面 跨接电缆截面 Case1 3000 120 Case2 3000 95 Case3 3000 120
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表 4 成本对比表
Table 4. Cost comparison
工况 贯通铜导体
（万元）连接电缆含端子
（万元）总成本
（万元）Case_a 720 220 940 Case_b 440 440 Case_c 560 560 钢轨加强绝缘 440 1940
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