川西藏寨民居生土片石石砌体墙的抗震性能

魏丞瑾; 赵华; 袁维光; 许强; 胡潇; 周家顺

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20250321

川西藏寨民居生土片石石砌体墙的抗震性能

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20250321

魏丞瑾^{1, 2,},
赵华^{1, 2, ,},
袁维光^{1, 2},
许强^{1, 2},
胡潇^{1, 2},
周家顺³

1.
成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护全国重点实验室，四川成都 610059
2.
成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院，四川成都 610059
3.
中冶建工集团有限公司，重庆 400084

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42293353）

详细信息

作者简介:
魏丞瑾（1994—），女，讲师，博士，研究方向为工程结构抗震，E-mail：weichengjin1113@cdut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
赵华（1976—），女，副教授，博士，研究方向为工程结构抗震，E-mail：zhaohua@cdut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU365；TU317.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 47
- HTML全文浏览量: 23
- PDF下载量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-14
- 修回日期: 2025-10-29
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-24

Seismic Behavior of Earthen-Stone Masonry Walls in Traditional Tibetan Dwellings in Western Sichuan

WEI Chengjin^{1, 2
,},
ZHAO Hua^{1, 2
, ,},
YUAN Weiguang^{1, 2},
XU Qiang^{1, 2},
HU Xiao^{1, 2},
ZHOU Jiashun³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2.
College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
3.
China Metallurgical Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400084, China

摘要

摘要:
为明确川西地区藏寨民居中生土片石石砌体墙的抗震性能，设计并制作了四片生土片石石砌体墙构件,开展拟静力加载试验，以木墙筋设置、墙体收分以及墙体窗洞口作为主要参数，研究其对生土片石石砌体墙抗震性能的影响规律. 通过试验获得生土片石石砌体墙的水平荷载-位移曲线，分析其承载力、变形性能、刚度、延性和耗能能力等关键抗震性能指标，探讨墙体开洞及木墙筋设置对墙体破坏模式的影响，并对藏寨生土片石石砌体墙与普通砖砌体墙的抗剪强度进行对比分析. 研究结果表明：藏寨生土片石石砌体墙整体表现出良好的抗震性能及变形能力，本试验中各墙体构件的平均单位面积抗剪强度达到0.16 N/mm²，极限变形能力在2.4%～3.0%，其变形能力相对于普通砖砌体墙有明显优势；窗洞口及木墙筋的设置均会影响墙体的破坏形态及破坏模式；与无木墙筋的墙体相比，配置木墙筋的墙体抗剪强度和耗能能力分别提升约27%和37%，同时,剪切裂缝数量及裂缝宽度均显著减小.
- 川西藏寨 /
- 石砌体墙 /
- 拟静力试验 /
- 抗震性能 /
- 抗剪强度
Abstract:
To clarify the seismic behavior of earthen-stone masonry walls in traditional Tibetan dwellings in Western Sichuan, four earthen-stone masonry wall specimens were designed, fabricated, and used for conducting quasi-static loading tests. Timber wall reinforcement installation, wall tapering, and wall window openings were adopted as the main parameters to study their influence mechanisms on the seismic behavior of earthen-stone masonry walls. Through the tests, the horizontal load–displacement curves of the earthen-stone masonry walls were obtained, and key seismic performance indicators including bearing capacity, deformation capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed. The influence of wall openings and timber wall reinforcement installation on the failure mode of the wall was discussed, and a comparative analysis of the shear strength between the earthen-stone masonry walls in Tibetan dwellings and ordinary brick masonry walls was conducted. The research results indicate that the earthen-stone masonry walls in Tibetan dwellings in Western Sichuan generally exhibit good seismic behavior and deformation capacity. In this test, the average shear strength per unit area of each wall component reaches 0.16 N/mm², and the ultimate deformation capacity is in the range of 2.4%–3.0%, with its deformability showing obvious advantages compared with ordinary brick masonry walls. Both window openings and timber wall reinforcement installation affect the failure morphology and failure mode of the walls. Compared with walls without timber wall reinforcement, the shear strength and energy dissipation capacity of walls equipped with timber wall reinforcement are increased by approximately 27% and 37%, respectively. Meanwhile, the number and width of shear cracks are significantly reduced.
- Tibetan dwelling in Western Sichuan /
- earthen-stone masonry wall /
- quasi-static test /
- seismic behavior /
- shear strength

HTML全文

图 1 生土片石石砌体墙构件详图

Figure 1. Earthen-stone masonry wall specimens

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图 2 加载装置

Figure 2. Loading apparatus

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图 3 加载制度

Figure 3. Loading system

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图 4 各构件最终状态

Figure 4. Ultimate states of each specimen

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图 5 滞回曲线

Figure 5. Hysteresis curves

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图 6 骨架曲线

Figure 6. Skeleton curves

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图 7 刚度退化曲线

Figure 7. Stiffness degradation curves

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图 8 各构件破坏情况示意

Figure 8. Damage conditions of each specimen

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表 1 生土片石石砌体墙构件参数

Table 1. Parameters of earthen-stone masonry wall specimens

构件编号	墙体宽度/mm	墙体高度/mm	墙体厚度/mm	是否开窗	墙体收分/%	墙筋布置	竖向压力/MPa
ZQW-1	1400	1000	200	否	0	无	0.45
ZQW-2			200	是	0	无
ZQW-3			200	是	0	有
ZQW-4			200/180	是	10.0	有

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表 2 材料性能试验结果

Table 2. Test results of material properties

材料	σ_s/Mpa	E/GPa
石材	44.06	4.21
黄泥	1.26

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表 3 构件位移特征点及位移延性系数

Table 3. Displacement characteristic points and displacement ductility coefficient of specimens

构件编号	Δ_y1/mm	Δ_y2/mm	Δ_u/mm	μ₁	μ₂
ZQW-1	6.87	4.76	30.24	4.40	6.35
ZQW-2	7.90	4.73	29.89	3.78	6.32
ZQW-3	8.07	5.35	27.39	3.40	5.12
ZQW-4	6.99	3.84	23.97	3.43	6.24

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表 4 构件各循环耗能及等效黏滞阻尼系数

Table 4. Cyclic energy dissipation and equivalent viscous damping coefficients of specimens

位移角/%	E_i				ζ_eq
位移角/%	ZQW-1	ZQW-2	ZQW-3	ZQW-4	ZQW-1	ZQW-2	ZQW-3	ZQW-4
0.5	165.9	96.9	94.5	110.0	22.3	19.2	15.9	15.6
0.8	292.5	193.0	184.1	207.1	19.4	18.8	17.1	18.4
1.0	418.9	245.5	254.5	274.7	20.9	18.6	16.0	18.6
1.5	781.1	421.4	515.2	528.7	25.6	21.0	20.6	21.1
2.0	1159.7	535.9	817.5	732.7	27.3	19.9	22.7	24.6
2.5	1547.6	670.2	1104.0	772.3	31.7	18.4	25.8	22.6
累积耗能	4365.8	2162.7	2969.7	2625.5

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表 5 砌体墙体抗剪强度比较

Table 5. Comparison of shear strength of masonry walls

来源	构件尺寸（高×宽×厚）/mm	最大承载力/kN	最大变形角/%	单位面积抗剪承载力/（N·mm⁻²）
本试验	1000×1400×200	38.32	3.00	0.137
	1000×1400/800×200	24.77	3.00	0.154
		30.39	3.00	0.189
		27.44	2.50	0.172
文献[29]	1100×1200×185	18.14	3.60	0.082
文献[29]	1100×1200×185	27.25	4.60	0.123
文献[30]	1000×1900×240	130.00	0.80	0.285
文献[27]	1390×1970×200	77.40	0.40	0.196
文献[31]	2700×3150×205	120.00	0.25	0.190
文献[32]	1820×2520×250	157.35	0.71	0.250

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