Pore Pressure Inversion Model for Tunnel Lining Concrete Spalling Driven by Fire Test Temperature
-
摘要:
为精确量化与预测隧道衬砌混凝土在火灾高温下爆裂发生临界时刻内部孔隙压力，开展隧道衬砌混凝土的火灾暴露试验，获取了衬砌混凝土试件在火灾过程中的瞬态温度场和孔隙压力演化规律；在试验基础上，以试验温度数据作为关键驱动，构建一个“准稳态”衬砌混凝土高温爆裂孔隙压力反演模型；通过与试验结果对比，验证模型的可靠性，并揭示衬砌混凝土高温爆裂时刻孔隙压力的空间分布特性. 研究结果表明：对于初始含水率为3.50%的典型隧道衬砌混凝土试件，在HC火灾条件下发生爆裂的临界时刻，其孔隙压力值为0.79～0.96 MPa，平均值为0.88 MPa；模型预测孔隙压力值为0.91～1.13 MPa，平均值为0.99 MPa，模型预测的孔隙压力峰值与试验数据吻合良好，误差为2.08～28.41%，平均误差为15.23%，低于20%；隧道衬砌混凝土高温爆裂时刻孔隙压力沿受热面纵深方向呈现“驼峰”型空间分布，其分布规律可解析为热裂损伤区、孔隙压力集中区和热力学平衡区.
Abstract:To accurately quantify and predict the internal pore pressure of tunnel lining concrete at the critical moment of spalling under high fire temperature, fire exposure tests on tunnel lining concrete were conducted. The evolution laws of the transient temperature field and pore pressure of lining concrete specimens during the fire process were obtained. Based on the tests, a “quasi-steady-state” pore pressure inversion model for high-temperature spalling of lining concrete was constructed, using experimental temperature data as the key driver. The reliability of the model was validated by comparing it with experimental results, and the spatial distribution characteristics of pore pressure at the moment of high-temperature spalling were revealed. The results show that for typical tunnel lining concrete specimens with an initial moisture content of 3.50%, at the critical moment of spalling under the HC fire condition, the pore pressure value ranges from 0.79 MPa to 0.96 MPa, with an average value of 0.88 MPa. The pore pressure value predicted by the model ranges from 0.91 MPa to 1.13 MPa, with an average of 0.99 MPa. The peak pore pressure predicted by the model agrees well with the experimental data, with errors ranging from 2.08% to 28.41% and an average error of 15.23%, which is lower than 20%. The pore pressure along the depth direction from the heated surface at the high-temperature spalling moment exhibits a “hump-shaped” spatial distribution, which can be resolved into the thermal cracking zone, the pore pressure concentration zone, and the thermodynamic equilibrium zone.
-
Key words:
- tunnel /
- tunnel lining /
- pore pressure /
- inversion model /
- quasi-steady-state /
- concrete spalling
-
图 6 多孔介质材料微观结构及其孔隙水汽平衡机理
Figure 6. Microstructure of porous media and mechanism of pore water-vapor equilibrium
图 8 衬砌混凝土爆裂时刻温度空间分布
Figure 8. Spatial temperature distribution of lining concrete at moment of spalling
表 2 混凝土试块的平均含水率及抗压强度
Table 2. Average moisture content and compressive strength of concrete specimens
类型 龄期/d 含水率 抗压强度/MPa C30 54 3.50% 30 
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 爆裂时刻孔隙压力
Table 3. Pore pressure at moment of spalling
试块编号 爆裂部位/
cm孔隙压力/
MPa含水率/% 平均值/
MPaTest-1 1 0.79 3.50 0.88 Test-1 2 0.96 Test-2 1 0.88
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 模型参数
Table 4. Model parameters
含水率/% 孔隙率 孔隙半径/μm 渗透系数/m2 pb/MPa Bs/MPa 3.50 0.20 23.40 1.35 × 10−17 19.29 30
下载: 导出CSV
表 5 爆裂部位孔隙压力实测与预测结果
Table 5. Measured and predicted results of pore pressure at spalling locations
编号 深度/cm 预测值/MPa 试验值/MPa 误差/% 含水率/% 试验均值/MPa 预测均值/MPa 误差均值/% Test-1 1 0.91 0.79 15.19 3.50 0.88 0.99 15.23 Test-1 2 0.94 0.96 2.08 Test-2 1 1.13 0.88 28.41
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 贾宏宇, 肖楚照, 康炜, 等. 极端气候下交通基础设施脆弱性研究综述[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2025, 60(2): 484-502. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230650Jia Hongyu, Xiao Chuzhao, Kang Wei, et al. Review of research on vulnerability of transportation infrastructure to extreme climatic conditions[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2025, 60(2): 484-502. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230650 [2] 晏启祥, 贺文城, 阳翼繁, 等. 寒区隧道温度场多因素耦合分析与冻结半径预测研究[J/OL]. 西南交通大学学报, 2025: 1-12. (2025-09-05). https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=XNJT20250825001&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ. [3] 雷瑞德, 周林森, 胡超, 等. 不同温度作用下砂岩能量演化机制及本构模型[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2025, 60(5): 1131-1138.Lei Ruide, Zhou Linsen, Hu Chao, et al. Energy evolution mechanism and constitutive model of sandstone subjected to different temperatures[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2025, 60(5): 1131-1138. [4] 李福海, 黄绍宁, 肖赛, 等. 高温-干湿循环作用下混凝土分区抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能研究[J/OL]. 西南交通大学学报, 2024: 1-10. (2024-07-04). https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=XNJT20240702006&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ. [5] 闫治国, 朱合华. 火灾时隧道衬砌结构内温度场分布规律试验[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 40(2): 167-172. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2012.02.002Yan Zhiguo, Zhu Hehua. Experimental study on temperature field distribution of tunnel lining structure in fire accidents[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), 2012, 40(2): 167-172. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2012.02.002 [6] Hua N, Elhami Khorasani N, Tessari A, et al. Experimental study of fire damage to reinforced concrete tunnel slabs[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2022, 127: 103504. doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2021.103504 [7] 王峰, 曾锦屏, 方亚彪, 等. 基于瞬态热应变的隧道火灾高温衬砌结构变形机理研究[J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 55(3): 856-863. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2025.03.028Wang Feng, Zeng Jinping, Fang Yabiao, et al. Research on the mechanism of deformation of tunnel lining structure exposed to fire based on transient thermal strain[J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), 2025, 55(3): 856-863. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0505.2025.03.028 [8] Chen H B, Liu T, You X H, et al. Experimental investigation on fire damage to staggered segmental lining of shield tunnel[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 141: 105359. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2023.105359 [9] 唐松花, 崔宇鹏. 火灾高温下混凝土柱温度场的解析解[J]. 应用力学学报, 2018, 35(6): 1361-1365, 1427.Tang Songhua, Cui Yupeng. Analytical solutions of temperature field in the concrete column on fire[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2018, 35(6): 1361-1365,1427. [10] 吴梦军, 吴庆良, 金文良, 等. 考虑接触热阻的钢壳沉管隧道结构火灾温度场研究[J]. 中国公路学报, 2023, 36(11): 244-255. doi: 10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2023.11.006Wu Mengjun, Wu Qingliang, Jin Wenliang, et al. Fire temperature field of steel shell immersed tunnel structure considering contact thermal resistance[J]. China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2023, 36(11): 244-255. doi: 10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2023.11.006 [11] 朱合华, 闫治国, 梁利, 等. 不同火灾升温曲线下隧道内温度场分布规律研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2012, 8(增刊1): 1595-1600.Zhu Hehua, Yan Zhiguo, Liang Li, et al. Numerical study on temperature distribution in tunnel linings under fire cases[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2012, 8(S1): 1595-1600. [12] Qiao R J, Shao Z S, Yuan Y, et al. An analysis model for the temperature and residual stress of tunnel liner exposed to fire[J]. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 21(4): 158. doi: 10.1007/s43452-021-00305-4 [13] Wang F, Xiong T G. A finite difference model for coupling thermo-hydro-vapor in the lining concrete exposed to high temperatures and its application[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2025, 211: 109696. doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109696 [14] Cheng P P, Zhu H H, Liu H, et al. Investigation on the fire spalling behavior of underground structures in varied situations by global–local phase field modeling[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 142: 105416. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2023.105416 [15] GB/T 50081—2002 普通混凝土力学性能试验方法标准[S]. [16] 杨小虎, 李少丹, 陈凯. 第二类边界条件下固液相变问题的改进型准稳态近似解[J]. 应用数学和力学, 2022, 43(11): 1249-1258.Yang Xiaohu, Li Shaodan, Chen Kai. Improved quasi-steady-state approximation analysis of stefan problems under 2nd-kind boundary conditions[J]. Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 2022, 43(11): 1249-1258. [17] Schrefler B A. Mechanics and thermodynamics of saturated/unsaturated porous materials and quantitative solutions[J]. Applied Mechanics Reviews, 2002, 55(4): 351-388. doi: 10.1115/1.1484107 [18] Gawin D, Pesavento F, Schrefler B A. Modelling of hygro-thermal behaviour and damage of concrete at temperature above the critical point of water[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2002, 26(6): 537-562. doi: 10.1002/nag.211 [19] Gawin D, Pesavento F, Schrefler B A. Modelling of hygro-thermal behaviour of concrete at high temperature with thermo-chemical and mechanical material degradation[J]. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2003, 192(13/14): 1731-1771. doi: 10.1016/s0045-7825(03)00200-7 [20] Faghri A, Zhang Y W. Transport phenomena in multiphase systems[M]. Burlington: Elsevier Academic Press, 2006. [21] Tsang Y W, Pruess K. A study of thermally induced convection near a high-level nuclear waste repository in partially saturated fractured tuff[J]. Water Resources Research, 1987, 23(10): 1958-1966. doi: 10.1029/WR023i010p01958 [22] Pesavento F. Non-linear modelling of concrete as multiphase porous material in high temperature conditions[D]. [S. l. ]: University of Padova, 2000. [23] Zeiml M. Concrete subjected to fire loading-from experimental investigation of spalling and mass-transport properties to structural safety assessment of tunnel linings under fire[D]. [S. l. ]: ]Vienna University of Technology, 2008. [24] Furbish D. Fluid physics in geology. an introduction to fluid motion on earth surface and within its crust[D]. [S. l. ]: Oxford University Press, 1997. [25] Carlton A, Guo Q, Ma S D, et al. Experimental assessment of explosive spalling in normal weight concrete panels under high intensity thermal exposure[J]. Fire Safety Journal, 2022, 134: 103677. doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2022.103677 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 21
- HTML全文浏览量: 11
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0