车轮凹磨耦合作用下高速线路钢轨波磨安全限值研究

祁亚运; 邹睿; 戴焕云; 陈兆玮; 贺星; 李良昫

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20250007

车轮凹磨耦合作用下高速线路钢轨波磨安全限值研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20250007

祁亚运^{1, 2,},
邹睿¹,
戴焕云³,
陈兆玮¹,
贺星¹,
李良昫¹

1.
重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院，重庆，400074
2.
西南交通大学轨道交通运维技术与装备四川省重点实验室，四川，成都，610031
3.
西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川，成都，610031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（U2268211，52302467）；轨道交通运维技术与装备四川省重点实验室开放研究课题基（2024YW001）；重庆市研究生联合培养基地项目（JDLHPYJD2024006）

详细信息

作者简介:
祁亚运（1990—），男，副教授，研究方向为轨道车辆动力学和轮轨磨耗，E-mail：yayun_qi@163.com

中图分类号: U271.91
计量
- 文章访问数: 16
- HTML全文浏览量: 10
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-10
- 修回日期: 2025-04-17
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-15

Study on Safety Threshold for Rail Corrugation in High-Speed Railway Lines Under Coupled Action of Wheel’s Concave Wear

1.
School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
2.
Technology and Equipment Of Rail Transit Operation and Maintenance Key Laboratory Of Sichuan Province, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China

摘要

摘要:
为探究钢轨波磨耦合车轮凹磨对高速列车轮轨系统动力学特性的影响，并确定高速铁路钢轨波磨的安全限值，基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论，结合现场调研获取的某线路钢轨波磨实测数据，构建CRH3型高速列车的车辆-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型；将钢轨波磨和武广轨道谱叠加作为不平顺激励输入，探讨不同波长和波深的钢轨波磨对轮轨动力学特性的影响；探究不同运营里程的车轮凹磨与钢轨波磨的耦合作用，分析其对车辆各子系统振动加速度的影响，并在此基础上提出钢轨波磨安全限值. 研究结果表明：钢轨波磨显著增加轮轨垂向力，车轮凹磨和波磨耦合作用下进一步加大了轮轨力的响应，且凹磨越严重，轮轨力越大，运行20万公里的磨耗轮的轮轨垂向力相较于新轮增加了10.8%；考虑车轮凹磨，平均运行速度为300 km/h的高速列车建议50、80、100、120、150 mm钢轨波磨的波深安全限值为0.023、0.036、0.05、0.054、0.069 mm. 实际应用中，应结合具体运营条件和轨道结构调整维护策略，波深超出安全限值后应及时打磨.
- 高速铁路 /
- 钢轨波磨 /
- 车轮凹磨 /
- 安全限值 /
- 振动响应
Abstract:
To investigate the influence of rail corrugation coupled with wheel concave wear on the dynamics characteristics of the high-speed train’s wheel-rail system and determine the safety threshold for rail corrugation in high-speed railways, based on vehicle-track coupling dynamics theory and field-measured rail corrugation data of a certain line, a vehicle-track rigid flexible coupling dynamics model of the CRH3 high-speed train was established. Rail corrugation superimposed on the Wuhan–Guangzhou track irregularity spectrum was used as the excitation input.. The influence of rail corrugation with different wavelengths and depths on wheel-rail dynamics characteristics was explored, and the coupling effect of wheel concave wear at different operation mileages with rail corrugation on vehicle subsystem’s vibration acceleration was analyzed. Then, the safety threshold for rail corrugation was proposed. Results show that rail corrugation significantly increases the wheel-rail vertical force. The coupled action of wheel concave wear and rail corrugation further amplifies the wheel-rail force response, with more severe concave wear leading to greater wheel-rail forces. Worn wheels that have traveled 200 000 km show an 10.8% increase in wheel-rail vertical force compared to new wheels. By considering wheel concave wear, for high-speed trains operating at an average speed of 300 km•h⁻¹, the recommended safety thresholds for rail corrugation of 50 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 120 mm, and 150 mm are wave depths of 0.023 mm, 0.036 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.054 mm, and 0.069 mm, respectively. In practical applications, maintenance strategies should be adjusted according to specific operating conditions and track structures, and grinding should be carried out promptly when wave depths exceed the safety thresholds.
- high-speed railway /
- rail corrugation /
- wheel’s concave wear /
- safety threshold /
- vibration response

HTML全文

图 1 实测钢轨波磨

Figure 1. Measured rail corrugation

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图 2 实测钢轨表面不平顺

Figure 2. Measured rail surface irregularity

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图 3 实测钢轨通过频率

Figure 3. Measured rail passing frequency

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图 4 动力学模型

Figure 4. Dynamics model

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图 5 柔性轮轨部分模态

Figure 5. Part modes of flexible wheel-rail

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图 6 轴箱垂向加速度

Figure 6. Vertical acceleration of axle box

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图 7 钢轨波磨示意

Figure 7. Rail corrugation

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图 8 轮轨力响应

Figure 8. Wheel-rail force response

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图 9 不同波长和波深对轮轨力的影响

Figure 9. Influence of different wavelengths and wave depths on wheel-rail forces

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图 10 车轮凹磨廓形及临界速度变化

Figure 10. Wheel’s concave wear profile and critical speed change

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图 11 车轮凹磨耦合钢轨波磨对轮轨力的影响

Figure 11. Influence of wheel’s concave wear coupled with rail corrugation on wheel-rail forces

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图 12 车轮凹磨耦合波磨对车辆各子系统的振动响应影响

Figure 12. Influence of wheel’s concave wear coupled with rail corrugation on vibration response of vehicle subsystems

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图 13 钢轨波磨安全限值

Figure 13. Safety threshold of rail corrugation

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图 14 车轮凹磨耦合作用下钢轨波磨限值

Figure 14. Rail corrugation threshold under coupled action of wheel’s concave wear

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图 15 不同波长下钢轨波磨安全限值

Figure 15. Safety thresholds of rail corrugation at different wavelengths

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表 1 钢轨波磨通过频率

Table 1. Passing frequency of rail corrugation

波长/mm 50 80 100 120 150

频率/Hz 1666.7 1041.7 833.3 694.4 555.6

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