Multi-Scale Study of Disintegration Characteristics of Red-Bed Mudstone Under Wetting-Drying Cycles
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摘要:
为明确风化程度对红层泥岩崩解演化规律的影响并揭示红层泥岩崩解劣化机理，采用崩解试验、扫描电镜试验，从宏-微观相结合的角度开展试验研究. 开展崩解试验，获得不同风化程度红层泥岩在干湿循环作用下颗粒崩解的演化规律，而后结合扫描电镜开展微观结构定点观测试验，揭示不同风化程度红层泥岩在干湿循环作用下的崩解机理. 结果表明：在宏观层面，裂隙率随着干湿循环次数的增加和风化程度的减弱而增大，随干湿循环次数增加，大粒径崩解物逐渐减少，中粒径崩解物质量分数先增大后减小，小粒径崩解物逐渐增多；在微观层面，干湿循环作用导致红层泥岩颗粒崩解，生成新生裂缝，进一步造成岩体结构损伤，且结构损伤随风化程度的减弱而增大. 研究成果可为红层泥岩边坡及路堑防护提供参考.
Abstract:To clarify the influence of the degree of weathering on the evolution of disintegration in red-bed mudstone and to reveal the mechanisms underlying its disintegration and deterioration, disintegration tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations were conducted at both macroscopic and microscopic scales. Disintegration tests were first conducted to investigate how particle disintegration evolved in red-bed mudstone with varying degrees of weathering over successive wetting-drying cycles. Subsequently, SEM was employed for fixed-point microstructural observations to reveal the disintegration mechanisms of red-bed mudstone with different degrees of weathering under wetting-drying cycles. The results show that, at the macro scale, the crack ratio increases as the number of wetting-drying cycles increases and the degree of weathering decreases. As the number of cycles increases, the proportion of large disintegration products gradually decreases, the mass fraction of medium-sized products first increases and then decreases, and the proportion of small products gradually increases. At the micro scale, wetting-drying cycles induce particle disintegration and generate new cracks, leading to structural damage in red-bed mudstone. This structural damage intensifies as the degree of weathering decreases. These findings provide a reference for the protection of red-bed mudstone slopes and road cuts.
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图 3 不同粒径崩解物质量演变
Figure 3. Mass evolution of disintegration products with different particle sizes
图 4 红层泥岩崩解物级配曲线演化
Figure 4. Evolution of particle size distribution curves for red-bed mudstone disintegration products
图 5 中-强风化红层泥岩微观结构随干湿循环次数的变化
Figure 5. Microstructural evolution of moderately to highly weathered red-bed mudstone over successive wetting-drying cycles
图 6 中-弱风化红层泥岩微观结构随干湿循环次数的变化
Figure 6. Microstructural evolution of slightly to moderately weathered red-bed mudstone over successive wetting-drying cycles
图 7 弱风化红层泥岩微观结构随干湿循环次数的变化
Figure 7. Microstructural evolution of slightly weathered red-bed mudstone over successive wetting-drying cycles
表 1 红层泥岩基本物理特性
Table 1. Basic physical properties of red-bed mudstone
深度/m 密度/
（g·cm−3）含水率/% 细观结构图（正交偏光） 特征描述 定名 风化程度 48 2.55 2.45 
泥95%，泥片5%，富脆性矿物与富泥层构成变形纹层；泥质由两部分构成，其一为短针状伊利石、鳞片状水白母；其二为泥级大小的脆性矿物（石英、长石）、鳞片状云母；铁质呈云雾状浸染，而使岩样呈红色色调. 纹层状泥岩 中-强风化 75 2.56 2.49 
细粉砂35%，泥质65%，发育溶孔（0.25～2.30 mm）粉砂与泥质分布不均；粘土矿物以伊利石为主，呈短针状，零乱产出；云朵状铁质呈浸染状分布；粉砂成分为石英、长石；分布微晶方解石，少量菱铁矿及白云石. 粉砂质泥岩 中-弱风化 92 2.54 2.54 
细粉砂35%，泥65%，粘土矿物以伊利石为主，呈短针状，零乱产出；云朵状铁质呈浸染状分布；粉砂成分为石英、长石；分布微晶方解石，少量菱铁矿及白云石；发育0.2～1.8 mm的钙质、铁质，及铁钙质结核，多呈近圆、椭圆状. 钙铁质结核细粉砂质泥岩 弱风化 
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表 3 裂隙演化发育
Table 3. Crack development and evolution
风化程度 5 min 5 h 10 h 24 h 第1次烘干 第2次浸水24 h 中-强 
中-弱 
弱 
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