Calculation of Equivalent Electromagnetic Parameters of Short Primary Linear Induction Motor Under Influence of Multi-Factor Coupling
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摘要:
短初级直线感应电机在运行过程中同时存在纵向动态端部效应与铁心饱和效应，二者相互耦合且呈非线性，导致其等效电磁参数难以通过传统解析法精确计算. 为此，提出一种考虑多因素耦合影响的短初级直线感应电机等效电磁参数解析计算方法. 首先，分析多因素耦合影响下短初级直线感应电机的改进等效电路；其次，建立短初级直线感应电机的一维电磁场模型和考虑铁心磁阻的磁回路，并根据安培环路定律导出包含速度因子和铁心磁导率的气隙磁密的微分方程，再通过迭代法和铁心磁化曲线计算各个位置的气隙磁密；然后，根据磁链法和等效损耗法分别计算不同工况下的励磁电感和次级电阻；最后，在ANSYS Maxwell中建立短初级直线感应电机的瞬态场仿真模型进行对比验证. 结果表明：励磁电感解析结果相较于有限元结果误差最大为6.8%，次级电阻解析结果相较于有限元结果误差最大为6.4%；基于所得等效参数计算的推力与试验数据吻合良好，进一步验证所提解析方法的准确性.
Abstract:The short primary linear induction motor (SPLIM) contains both longitudinal dynamic end effect and core saturation effect during operation, and its equivalent electromagnetic parameters are difficult to be calculated accurately by the traditional analytical method due to the mutual coupling and nonlinear influence of these two effects. To this end, the analytical calculation method of the equivalent electromagnetic parameters of SPLIM under the influence of multi-factor coupling was proposed. Firstly, the improved equivalent circuit of SPLIM under the influence of multi-factor coupling was analyzed. Secondly, the one-dimensional electromagnetic field model of SPLIM and the magnetic circuit considering the core reluctance were established, and the differential equations of the air-gap flux density containing the speed factor and core permeability were derived according to Ampère’s circuital law. The air-gap flux density at each position was calculated by the iterative method and the core magnetization curves. Next, the excitation inductance and secondary resistance under different operating conditions were calculated according to the magnetic chain method and the equivalent loss method, respectively. Finally, a transient field simulation model of SPLIM was established in ANSYS Maxwell. Results reveal that the maximum error between the analytical results for excitation inductance and the finite element results is 6.8%, while the maximum error between the analytical results for secondary resistance and the finite element results is 6.4%. The thrust calculated based on equivalent parameters is in good agreement with the experimental data, further validating the accuracy of the proposed analytical method.
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图 1 多因素耦合影响下的改进等效电路
Figure 1. Improved equivalent circuit under influence of multi-factor coupling
图 9 多因素耦合影响下的励磁电感结果对比
Figure 9. Result contrast of excitation inductance under influence of multi-factor coupling
图 10 多因素耦合影响下的次级电阻结果对比
Figure 10. Result contrast of secondary resistance under influence of multi-factor coupling
图 12 多因素耦合影响下的推力结果对比
Figure 12. Result contrast of thrust under influence of multi-factor coupling
表 1 SPLIM的结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters of SPLIM
参数名称 数值 初级铁心厚度/mm 20 次级感应板厚度/mm 8 次级铁心厚度/mm 20 次级铁心宽度/mm 110 机械气隙/mm 5 初级铁心宽度/mm 100 极距/mm 210 匝数/匝 160 相数 6 极对数 1 
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