Characteristics of High Temperature Performance Transformation and Rutting Resistance Index Construction of Asphalt Mixtures
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摘要:
为揭示高温条件下沥青混合料的性能转变特征，提出相应的高温性能评价指标，对RIOHTrack足尺环道所用3种细粒式沥青混合料在不同温度、频率及应变条件下的动态模量和相位角进行测试，基于动态模量与相位角的关系，提出一个能反映沥青混合料高温性能转变的特征动态模量指标，并通过Bigaussian模型对动态模量-相位角曲线进行拟合，确定3种混合料特征动态模量的数值和性能下降速度，据此提出一个能同时反映特征动态模量、相位角和性能下降速度的抗车辙性能综合评价指标
E ww，并通过足尺环道加载100000000 次的路面车辙变形观测，验证该评价指标的可靠性. 结果表明：不同试验条件下得到的最大相位角对应的动态模量比较接近，提出的特征动态模量指标与车辙试验结果一致，说明特征动态模量指标能够反映混合料的抗车辙性能；采用Bigaussian模型拟合动态模量-相位角曲线的相关系数达到96%以上，该方法具有较高的可靠性；相比室内车辙试验，本文提出的抗车辙性能综合评价指标与足尺试验环道车辙检测结果一致，在抗车辙性能评价时考虑沥青混合料的高温性能转变特征是必要的.Abstract:To reveal the performance transformation characteristics of asphalt mixtures under high temperature and propose corresponding indices for high temperature performance evaluation, the dynamic modulus and phase angle of three fine-grained asphalt mixtures used in RIOHTrack full-scale track were tested under different temperatures, frequencies, and strains. Based on the relationship between the dynamic modulus and phase angle, a characteristic dynamic modulus index that can reflect the high temperature performance transformation of asphalt mixtures was proposed. Dynamic modulus-phase angle curves were fitted by the Bigaussian model to determine the values of the characteristic dynamic modulus and the performance decline rates of three mixtures. Based on this, a comprehensive evaluation index
E ww for rutting resistance performance was proposed, which could reflect the characteristic dynamic modulus, phase angle, and performance decline rate at the same time. The reliability of this evaluation index was verified by the observation of pavement rutting deformation with 100 million loads via the full-scale track. The results show that the dynamic moduli corresponding to the maximum phase angles obtained under different experimental conditions are relatively close. The proposed characteristic dynamic modulus index is consistent with the rutting test results, indicating that the index can reflect the rutting resistance performance of the mixtures. The correlation coefficient of the dynamic modulus-phase angle curve fitted by the Bigaussian model reaches over 96%, which demonstrates the high reliability of the method. Compared with laboratory rutting tests, the comprehensive evaluation index proposed in this article is consistent with the rutting detection results of the full-scale test track, indicating that it is necessary to consider the high temperature performance transformation characteristics of asphalt mixtures when rutting resistance performance is evaluated. -
图 2 SBS-AC13-65动态模量-频率（温度）曲线
Figure 2. Dynamic modulus–frequency （temperature） curve of SBS-AC13-65
图 3 SBS-AC13-65相位角-频率（温度）曲线
Figure 3. Phase angle–frequency （temperature） curve of SBS-AC13-65
图 4 高温条件下3种沥青混合料动态模量-频率曲线
Figure 4. Dynamic modulus–frequency curves of three asphalt mixtures under high temperature
图 5 高温条件下3种混合料相位角-频率曲线
Figure 5. Phase angle–frequency curves of three asphalt mixtures under high temperature
图 7 3种混合料在不同控制应变下的动态模量-相位角曲线
Figure 7. Dynamic modulus–phase angle curves of mixtures under different control strains
图 9 不同控制应变条件下3种沥青混合料动态模量-相位角拟合曲线
Figure 9. Dynamic modulus–phase angle fitting curves of three asphalt mixtures under different control strains
图 10 3种沥青混合料的拟合参数对比
Figure 10. Comparison of fitting parameters of three asphalt mixtures
表 1 沥青混合料级配组成
Table 1. Gradation composition of asphalt mixtures
沥青混合料类型 各筛孔尺寸通过率 /% 16 13.2 9.5 4.75 2.36 1.18 0.6 0.3 0.15 0.075 SBS-AC13-65 100.0 98.0 60.6 34.8 25.4 17.7 13.4 9.9 8.8 7.1 SBS-AC13-70 100.0 97.9 58.1 30.3 21.2 15.3 12.0 9.4 8.5 7.0 SBS-SMA13 100.0 97.6 54.7 24.9 16.7 14.0 12.5 11.4 11.0 9.7 
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表 2 沥青混合料马歇尔击实试验结果
Table 2. Marshall compaction test results of asphalt mixtures
沥青混合料类型 最佳油石比/% 毛体积密度 空隙率
（VV）/%干密度 矿料间隙率
（VMA）/%骨架间隙率
（VCA）/%沥青饱和度
（VFA）/%SBS-AC13-65 5.05 2.55 1.88 2.42 14.01 44.33 86.51 SBS-AC13-70 5.16 2.52 3.17 2.39 15.37 41.28 79.36 SBS-SMA13 5.52 2.47 4.52 2.33 17.26 38.41 73.43
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表 3 沥青混合料路用性能
Table 3. Pavement performance of asphalt mixtures
沥青混合料类型 水稳定性 60 ℃车辙试验
动稳定度/（次·mm−1）残留稳定度/% 冻融劈裂（TSR）/% SBS-AC13-65 95.30 53.50 7518 SBS-AC13-70 106.90 53.30 6174 SBS-SMA13 106.90 58.60 5063
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表 4 Bigaussian模型参数拟合结果
Table 4. Parameter fitting results of Bigaussian model
控制应变/με 沥青混合料类型 最大相位角$\varphi $max/（°） 特征动态模量Ec/MPa 参数W1 参数W2 拟合相关系数/% 30 SBS-AC13-65 34.40 2486 0.82 0.60 98.40 SBS-AC13-70 35.11 2158 1.00 0.63 98.28 SBS-SMA13 34.79 1947 1.34 0.62 96.99 60 SBS-AC13-65 34.06 2419 0.79 0.61 98.74 SBS-AC13-70 34.46 2120 0.96 0.65 98.70 SBS-SMA13 33.28 2041 1.54 0.62 98.22 90 SBS-AC13-65 33.09 2427 0.81 0.62 98.45 SBS-AC13-70 33.17 2173 0.98 0.66 98.77 SBS-SMA13 31.74 2196 1.29 0.62 98.40 120 SBS-AC13-65 32.45 2374 0.80 0.64 98.11 SBS-AC13-70 31.89 2395 1.04 0.64 98.74 SBS-SMA13 30.49 2447 1.22 0.59 98.31 150 SBS-AC13-65 31.86 2477 0.79 0.63 97.85 SBS-AC13-70 31.32 2567 1.06 0.63 98.64 SBS-SMA13 30.01 2635 1.30 0.57 98.40 平均值 SBS-AC13-65 33.17 2440 0.80 0.62 98.44 SBS-AC13-70 33.19 2269 1.00 0.64 98.72 SBS-SMA13 32.04 2240 1.33 0.60 98.28
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表 5 3种抗车辙评价指标对比
Table 5. Comparison of three rutting resistance evaluation indices
路面
结构沥青混合
料类型车辙试验动
稳定度/mm足尺环道车
辙深度/mmEww STR1 SBS-AC13-65 7518 105 8.81 STR5 SBS-AC13-70 6174 95 10.10 STR17 SBS-SMA13 5063 85 12.22
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