Comparison of Causes of Rail Corrugation in Sections with and without Rail Gaps in Small Radius Curves of Mountainous Metro
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摘要:
针对重庆地铁小半径曲线有/无轨缝区域存在的2种不同钢轨波磨现象（无轨缝区域的波磨为发生在内轨上的短波波磨，有轨缝区域的波磨为发生在内轨上的长短波波磨），本文基于摩擦耦合振动理论开展2种钢轨波磨现象成因的对比研究. 结合现场调研，针对小半径曲线有/无轨缝区域，建立轮轨系统有限元模型，采用复特征值分析法对比分析2种区域轮轨系统的稳定性；采用瞬时动态分析法探究轨缝不平顺和钢轨波磨不平顺影响下轮轨系统的动态响应. 结果表明：轮轨系统在小半径曲线有/无轨缝区域均存在摩擦自激振动，主要频率分别为 479.26 Hz 与 477.65 Hz，可诱导波长30～40 mm 的短波波磨；轨缝不平顺会增大轮轨系统动态响应，引发的反馈振动主要频率为112.79 Hz，进而诱导波长150～160 mm 的长波波磨；短波波磨不平顺的反馈振动仅起到加剧自身波磨深度的作用，并未诱导新波长波磨产生.
Abstract:To address the two types of rail corrugation in small radius curves of the Chongqing metro (short-wavelength corrugation on inner rails in the sections without rail gaps, and long and short-wavelength corrugation on inner rails in the sections with rail gaps), the comparative study on the causes of two types of rail corrugation was conducted based on the theory of wheel-rail frictional coupling vibration. The finite element models of the wheel-rail systems in the section with and without rail gaps in small radius curves were established, and their stabilities were investigated using the complex eigenvalue analysis method. Then, the dynamic response of the wheel-rail system under the effects of rail gap and rail corrugation irregularities was investigated using the transient dynamic analysis method. The results have shown that the wheel-rail system exhibits frictional self-excited vibration in both sections with and without rail gaps on small-radius curves, with main frequencies of 479.26 Hz and 477.65 Hz, respectively, which can induce short-wavelength corrugation from 30 to 40 mm. Rail surface irregularities increase the dynamic response of the wheel-rail system. The induced feedback vibration has a main frequency of 112.79 Hz, thus inducing long-wavelength corrugation from 150 to 160 mm. The feedback vibration induced by short-wavelength corrugation irregularities only serves to increase the depth of the short-wavelength corrugation itself and does not induce corrugation with a new wavelength.
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图 1 小半径曲线上的轮轨系统有限元模型
Figure 1. Finite element model of wheel-rail system on small radius curves
图 2 轮轨系统的复特征值分析过程
Figure 2. Analysis process of complex eigenvalues of wheel-rail system
图 4 有/无轨缝区域轮轨系统的复特征值实部分布情况及模态
Figure 4. Real distribution of complex eigenvalues and modes of sections with/without rail gaps in wheel-rail system
图 5 有/无轨缝区域轨道表面的测点分布位置
Figure 5. Distribution of measurement points on rail surface of sections with/without rail gaps
图 6 有/无轨缝区域的各测点处垂向加速度
Figure 6. Vertical accelerations at each measuring point in sections with/without rail gaps
图 7 有/无轨缝区域轮轨间垂向接触力
Figure 7. Vertical contact forces between wheel and rail in sections with/without rail gaps
图 8 有/无轨缝区域轮轨间垂向接触力PSD分析
Figure 8. PSD analysis of vertical contact forces between wheel and rail in sections with/without rail gaps
图 9 添加波磨不平顺前后轮轨间垂向接触力
Figure 9. Vertical contact forces between wheel and rail before and after installing rail corrugation irregularity
图 10 轮轨间垂向接触力PSD分析
Figure 10. PSD analysis of vertical contact forces between wheel and rail
表 1 DTVI 2扣件弹簧刚度及阻尼参数
Table 1. Spring stiffness and damping coefficient of DTVI 2 fasteners
方向 钢轨扣件 轨枕支撑 刚度/
（MN·m−1）阻尼/
（N·s·m−1）刚度/
（MN·m−1）阻尼/
（N·s·m−1）横向 8.79 1927.26 垂向 40.73 9898.70 170 31000 纵向 8.79 1927.96 
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