Vibration and Stability Evaluation of Magnetically Suspended Fluid Machinery Based on API617
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摘要:
为评估磁悬浮流体机械设计的合理性和运行的可靠性，应用API617标准对其振动和稳定性进行分析. 首先，对API617标准中关于磁悬浮流体机械的相关规范和要求进行介绍；然后，以一台磁悬浮风机为研究对象，基于API617标准开展转子动力学分析、闭环传递函数测试、振动分析、稳定性评估等工作. 结果表明：各项指标均满足API617标准要求，转子运行转速与临界转速之间的分离裕度为69.7%和53.8%，设计合理；磁悬浮转子系统建模准确，可用于预测转子的动力学行为；径向磁悬浮轴承系统灵敏度传递函数峰值均处于等级A范围内，轴向磁悬浮轴承处于等级B范围内，满足长期稳定运行要求；运行转速范围内转子振动小于10 μm，远小于振动极限要求.
Abstract:To evaluate the design rationality and operation reliability of the magnetically suspended fluid machinery, the API617 standard was applied to analyze its vibration and stability. Firstly, the relevant specifications and requirements for magnetically suspended fluid machinery in the API617 standard were introduced. Then, a magnetically suspended blower was taken as the research object, and rotor dynamics analysis, closed-loop transfer function testing, vibration analysis, stability evaluation, and other work were carried out based on the API617 standard. The results indicate that all indicators meet the API617 standard requirements. The separation margins between the rotor operating speed and critical speed are 69.7% and 53.8%, respectively, and the design is reasonable. The modelling of the magnetically suspended rotor system is accurate and can be used to predict the dynamic behavior of the rotor; the peak sensitivity transfer function values of the radial active magnetic bearing (AMB) system are all in zone A, while those of the axial AMB are in zone B, meeting the requirements for long-term and stable operation. The rotor vibration within the operating speed range is less than 10 μm, far below the vibration limit requirement.
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图 8 闭环传递函数理论计算与试验测试结果对比
Figure 8. Theoretical calculation and experimental results of closed-loop transfer function
图 9 轴向磁悬浮轴承转子系统闭环传递函数测试结果
Figure 9. Test result of closed-loop transfer function for axial AMB-rotor system
图 10 磁悬浮轴承转子系统灵敏度传递函数测试结果
Figure 10. Test results of sensitivity transfer function for AMB-rotor system
图 11 磁悬浮风机转子升速振动响应瀑布图
Figure 11. Waterfall diagram of vibration response of magnetically suspended blower rotor during acceleration
表 1 磁悬浮轴承转子系统振动等级（ISO14839-2）
Table 1. AMB-rotor system vibration level （ISO14839-2）
等级 Ar/Cmin 描述 A <0.3 新调试设备一般都处于此等级 B [0.3, 0.4） 设备可长时间运行 C [0.4, 0.5） 需要定期维护以保持稳定运行 D ≥0.5 设备失稳的可能性较大 
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表 2 磁悬浮轴承转子系统灵敏度峰值等级（ISO14839-3）
Table 2. Peak sensitivity level of AMB-rotor system （ISO14839-3）
等级 最大增益/dB 描述 A <9.5 新调试设备一般都处于此等级 B [9.5，12.0） 是可接受的、可长时间运行的 C [12.0，14.0） 不满足长时间连续运行要求 D ≥14.0 可能会导致设备的损坏
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表 3 径向磁悬浮轴承和转子的主要参数
Table 3. Main parameters of radial AMB and rotor
参数 数值 保护间隙/mm 0.25 偏置电流/A 2.5 磁极面积/mm2 270 线圈匝数/匝 80 转子长度/mm 562 轴颈轴径/mm 56
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