Train Rescheduling Model Based on Combination Strategy for Urban Rail Transit Operation Interruption
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摘要:
运营中断是城市轨道交通实际运营过程中不可忽略的安全因素. 针对城市轨道交通单向运营中断下的列车运行调整问题，本文提出“反向运行 + 小交路”组合调整策略. 从乘客时间价值的角度出发，以乘客在站等待时间最小为优化目标，分中断阶段和恢复阶段建立单向运营中断下城市轨道交通列车运行调整两阶段模型；考虑到模型复杂度以及调整问题对求解效率的需求，设计适用于所构建模型的不同交路选择自适应大规模邻域搜索算法，实现对大规模算例的有效求解. 案例研究表明：单向运营中断条件下基于“反向运行 + 小交路”策略组织列车运行调整，比采用反向运行策略的乘客等待时间减少5.19%；相较于封闭中断方向线路，可使全线乘客的在站等待时间减少19.80%，且上下行方向的运输服务更加均衡；此外，当中断持续时长超15 min时，与封闭中断方向线路相比，采用“反向运行 + 小交路”策略组织列车运行调整可以取得更好的效果.
Abstract:Operation interruption is a safety factor that cannot be ignored in the actual operation of urban rail transit. To address train operation adjustment under unidirectional operation interruption in urban rail transit, a combined adjustment strategy of “reverse operation + short turning” was proposed. From the perspective of passenger time value, taking the minimum waiting time of passengers at the station as the optimization objective, a two-stage model of urban rail transit train operation adjustment under unidirectional operation interruption was established for the interruption stage and the recovery stage. Considering the complexity of the model and the requirements of the adjustment problem for solution efficiency, an adaptive large-scale neighborhood search algorithm based on different service patterns was specifically designed for the proposed model, so as to achieve effective solutions for large-scale instances. The case study shows that, under unidirectional operation interruption, the “reverse operation + short turning” strategy reduces passenger waiting time by 5.19% compared with the reverse operation strategy. Compared with closing the interrupted direction line, it can reduce the waiting time of passengers on the whole line by 19.80%, and the transportation services in both directions are more balanced. In addition, when the interruption duration is more than 15 minutes, adopting the strategy of “reverse operation + short turning” to organize train operation adjustment can achieve better results than closing the interrupted direction line.
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图 1 “反向运行 + 小交路”调整策略
Figure 1. “Reverse operation + short turning” adjustment strategy
图 9 不同中断持续时间下两种策略的调整效果对比图
Figure 9. Comparison of adjustment effects of two strategies under different interruption durations
表 1 停站时间参数
Table 1. Train operation parameters
车站 停站时间/s 运行时间/s 上行 下行 上行 下行 BBS 30 30 120 120 YQL 40 30 140 140 WKS 40 40 130 130 WSL 45 40 100 110 GZF 45 40 100 100 JSBWG 40 40 100 100 MXD 30 30 120 120 NLSL 30 30 80 60 FXM 50 45 120 240 XD 30 40 90 90 TAMX 30 30 90 90 TAMD 30 30 90 90 WFJ 30 30 80 80 DD 45 45 110 110 JGM 45 45 120 120 YAL 30 30 70 70 GM 50 45 120 120 
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表 3 模型其他参数
Table 3. Other model parameters
参数 取值 参数 取值 上行列车数/列 17 研究时间长度/min 90 下行列车数/列 17 最小运行间隔/min 2 时间粒度/min 1 最小折返时间/s 120 最小停站时间/s 25 通过渡线时间/s 20 最大停站时间/s 90 道岔转换时间/s 10
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表 4 单向运营中断下不同策略的列车运行调整结果对比
Table 4. Comparison of train operation adjustment results under unidirectional interruption
列车运行策略 目标函数/min 上行乘客等待时间/min 下行乘客等待时间/min 封闭线路 576997 222946 354051 反向运行 488086 279796 208290 “反向运行 + 小交路”组合策略 462750 271222 191528 效果对比（封闭线路）/% −19.80 +21.65 −45.90 效果对比（反向运行）/% −5.19 −3.06 −8.05
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