自感知功能填料在混凝土结构中的应用研究进展

许靖业; 严丁辉; 肖赛; 洪彧; 张津毓; 蒲黔辉; 李福海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20240087

自感知功能填料在混凝土结构中的应用研究进展

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20240087

西南交通大学土木工程学院，四川成都 611752

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2021YFB2600900）；广西科技计划项目（桂科AA21077011）；四川省自然科学基金项目（2023NSFSC0025）

详细信息

作者简介:
许靖业（1998—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为桥梁健康监测和土木工程材料，E-mail：xujingye1998@126.com

通讯作者:
李福海（1979—），男，教授级高工，博士，研究方向为土木工程材料，E-mail：lifuhai2007@home.swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: U444
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- 文章访问数: 54
- HTML全文浏览量: 33
- PDF下载量: 4
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-25
- 录用日期: 2025-05-12
- 修回日期: 2024-06-24
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-19

Research Progress on Application of Self-Sensing Functional Fillers in Concrete Structures

School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611752, China

摘要

摘要:
用于健康监测的自感知混凝土材料是结构工程领域的新兴研究热点，但其工程应用和产业化进程还面临着一些挑战. 为进一步促进自感知混凝土在结构健康监测领域的推广和应用，介绍不同导电功能填料的掺量比例、形状特征、二次改性及与其他种类填料混杂等因素对自感知混凝土性能影响的研究，并回顾自感知混凝土功能填料的重要和阶段性成果. 结果表明：自感知功能填料的测试与标定规范尚需完善，不同的测试设备和方法会对检测结果产生明显影响，无法保证结果的可比性；有关自感知功能填料的环境适应性评估较为缺乏，复杂环境条件(温度、湿度、腐蚀等)对材料耐久性和使用寿命的影响很大，材料在实际运营下的长期稳定性欠缺研究；批量生产过程中的品质控制未得到重视：大规模生产的原材料和工艺差异会严重影响产品性能的一致性；实际工程应用案例较少，开展多参数实时监测与多功能耦合的智能自感知混凝土在大型桥梁、隧道等结构中的运营试验，能进一步补充自感知混凝土的相关数据，具有良好的研究前景.
- 自感知混凝土 /
- 导电复合材料 /
- 填料 /
- 智能材料 /
- 结构健康监测 /
- 综述
Abstract:
Self-sensing concrete materials for health monitoring have emerged as a new research focus in the field of structural engineering, yet there are challenges in the progress of their application and industrialization. To promote the application of self-sensing concrete in structural health monitoring, research on the effects of various conductive fillers on the performance of the concrete from the aspects of the dosage ratio, shape characteristics, secondary modification, and mixing with other kinds of fillers was introduced, and the significant achievements and milestones in the development of functional fillers for self-sensing concrete were reviewed. The results indicate that the testing and calibration standards for self-sensing functional fillers are not well-established. Different testing equipment and methods can significantly influence detection results, making it challenging to ensure comparability of results. Environmental adaptability assessments are inadequate. Complex environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, corrosion, etc.) have a substantial impact on material durability and service life, and there is insufficient research on the long-term stability of materials in actual operation. Quality control during mass production has not received sufficient attention. Disparities in raw materials and processes in large-scale production can severely affect the consistency of product performance. There are limited real-world engineering application cases. Conducting operational trials of intelligent self-sensing concrete with real-time multi-parameter monitoring and multifunctional coupling in large structures such as bridges and tunnels can supplement relevant data, offering promising research prospects for self-sensing concrete.
- self-sensing concrete /
- conductive composite material /
- filler /
- intelligent material /
- structural health monitoring /
- review

HTML全文

图 1 结构健康监测系统的不同阶段

Figure 1. Different stages of structural health monitoring system

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图 2 CFRP筋电阻变化率-拉应变曲线^[15]

Figure 2. Electrical resistance change–tensile strain curves of CFRP bars ^[15]

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图 3 不具有/具有SL的NCB水泥基复合材料的应力传感性能^[25]

Figure 3. Stress sensing performances of NCB cement-based composites without/with SL^[25]

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图 4 压阻率测量装置[31]

Figure 4. Piezoresistivity measurement device [31]

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图 5 CFCA砂浆与石墨砂浆强度和电阻率对比[42]

Figure 5. Comparison of strength and resistivity of CFCA mortar and graphite mortar [42]

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图 6 相对含水量和环境绝对温度对石墨烯水泥基复合材料电阻率的影响^[48]

Figure 6. Influences of relative water content and environmental absolute temperature on resistivity of graphene cement-based composites^[48]

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图 7 不锈钢SFS和CCSFs超高性能混凝土在单调压缩载荷下的传感机理^[58]

Figure 7. Sensing mechanisms of UHPC with stainless SFS and CCSFs under monotonic compressive load ^[58]

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图 8 化学气相沉积法（CVD）制备CF-CNTs过程^[86]

Figure 8. Process of CF-CNTs preparation via chemical vapor deposition （CVD） method ^[86]

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图 9 CNT/TiO₂水泥基复合材料的导电机制示意^[95]

Figure 9. Conduction mechanism of cement-based composites with CNT/TiO₂ ^[95]

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图 10 不同形态废弃碳纤维的回收^[102]

Figure 10. Recycling of different forms of waste carbon fiber ^[102]

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