Study on Uniaxial Tensile Test and Constitutive Model of Steel Structure Coating
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摘要:
为研究钢结构桥梁涂装层的力学本构模型，以长效型涂装体系为试验对象，分别进行单轴拉伸试验，得出面漆、中间漆、底漆和复合涂层的应力-应变曲线；通过无量纲化处理获得长效型涂装体系上升段本构方程的统一表达形式，并针对每种漆膜适用条件给出相应的本构方程. 研究结果表明：1） H06-X环氧富锌底漆（含锌量80%）和长效型复合涂层的应力-应变曲线分为弹塑型阶段、应变强化阶段和破坏阶段；H06-C2环氧厚浆云母氧化铁中间漆的应力-应变曲线分为应变强化阶段和破坏阶段；E01-JY氟碳面漆的应力-应变曲线分为近似线弹性阶段和破坏阶段. 2） 依据应力-应变曲线得出底漆、中间漆、面漆和复合涂层的弹性模量、泊松比、剪切模量、单轴拉伸强度、拉伸断裂应变等力学性能特征参数；底漆的单轴拉伸强度最强，中间漆次之，面漆最差；面漆的变形性能最佳，中间漆次之，底漆最差.
Abstract:To study the mechanical constitutive model of steel bridge coating, uniaxial tensile tests were carried out on the long-lasting coating system, obtaining the stress–strain curves for the topcoat, intermediate coat, primer, and composite coating. The unified expression for the constitutive equation of the ascending segment of the long-lasting coating system was obtained through dimensionless processing, with corresponding constitutive equations provided for each coating film. The results are as follows. 1) The stress–strain curve for H06-X epoxy zinc-rich primer (80% zinc content) and long-lasting composite coating consists of an elastic and plastic stage, a strain-hardening stage, and a failure stage; the stress–strain curve for H06-C2 epoxy thick mica ferric oxide intermediate coat consists of a strain-hardening stage and a failure stage; the stress–strain curve for E01-JY fluorocarbon topcoat consists of an approximate linear elastic stage and a failure stage. 2) Based on the stress–strain curves, the mechanical property parameters of the primer, intermediate coat, topcoat, and composite coating, such as the elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, shear modulus, uniaxial tensile strength, and tensile fracture strain, are obtained. The primer shows the highest uniaxial tensile strength, followed by the intermediate paint, with the topcoat being the weakest. In contrast, the topcoat exhibits the best deformability, followed by the intermediate coat, with the primer showing the worst.
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图 3 长效型涂装体系σm和εm对比分析
Figure 3. Comparative analysis of σm and εm of long-lasting coating system
表 1 钢结构桥梁长效型涂装体系组分及配比
Table 1. Components and ratios of long-lasting coating system for steel bridge
对象 A 组分 B 组分 比例 底漆 H06-X 环氧富锌底漆
（含锌量80%）H06-X 固化剂 12.8∶1 中间漆 H06-C2 环氧厚浆云母
氧化铁中间漆H06-C2 固化剂 13.5∶1 面漆 E01-JY 氟碳面漆 E01-JY 固化剂 10∶1 
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表 2 涂层力学性能参数
Table 2. Mechanical property parameters for coatings
涂层种类 E/MPa $\upsilon $ G/MPa σm/MPa εm εb H06-X 底漆 535.7 0.20 223.2 11.0 0.021 0.026 H06-C2 中间漆 71.5 0.06 33.8 5.4 0.075 0.086 E01-JY 面漆 9.9 0.03 4.8 2.5 0.248 0.289 复合涂层 95.1 0.13 41.9 4.7 0.049 0.062
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