竖井全断面掘进机异型刀盘的滚刀布局

黄鸿颖; 管会生; 母国旺; 罗毅; 谢元

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230496

竖井全断面掘进机异型刀盘的滚刀布局

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20230496

黄鸿颖^1,,
管会生^{1, 2, ,},
母国旺²,
罗毅¹,
谢元¹

1.
西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031
2.
德阳城市轨道交通职业学院，四川德阳 618400

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2021YFB3401500）

详细信息

作者简介:
黄鸿颖（1996—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为竖井掘进机设计及理论，E-mail：2451680277@qq.com

通讯作者:
管会生（1961—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为盾构设计及理论，E-mail：ghs822@163.com

中图分类号: TU621
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- 文章访问数: 192
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-26
- 修回日期: 2024-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-18

Cutter Layout on Special-Shaped Cutterhead for Shaft Boring Machine

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2.
Deyang College of Urban Rail Transit, Deyang 618400, China

摘要

摘要:
为解决竖井全断面掘进机类“W”型刀盘滚刀布局困难的问题，基于离散元法研究滚刀安装排布参数对滚刀破岩效果的影响规律，通过粒子群优化算法得到滚刀整体布局优化方案. 首先，分别建立掌子面凹陷区域处和锥面处滚刀组协同破岩的二维离散元模型；然后，研究不同布刀间距的凹陷区域处滚刀组协同破岩效果，揭示锥面处滚刀刀间距及安装倾角对岩石破碎情况、滚刀载荷和破岩效率的影响规律，以破岩比能为指标得到合理的锥面处滚刀刀间距和安装倾角；最后，分析确定星型布局方式是适合异型刀盘上滚刀的布局方式，并利用粒子群算法优化滚刀布局方案. 研究结果表明：千枚岩地层中凹陷区域处应该缩小滚刀组的布刀间距；锥面处异型刀盘的滚刀采用垂直锥面安装方式时，岩石破碎效率更高；滚刀布局优化后的异型刀盘径向载荷减小24.07%，刀盘合力矩减少40.83%. 研究成果可为竖井工程中异型刀盘的滚刀布局提供参考.
- 竖井全断面掘进机 /
- 异型刀盘 /
- 离散元法 /
- 比能 /
- 滚刀布局
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of difficult cutter layout on a W-shaped cutterhead for a shaft boring machine, the influence of cutter installation and arrangement parameters on the rock breaking effect of cutters was studied based on the discrete element method, and the overall layout optimization scheme of cutters was obtained by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Firstly, the two-dimensional discrete element model of the cooperative rock breaking of cutters at the depression area and the conical surface of the tunnel face was established, respectively. Then, the cooperative rock breaking effect of cutters with different cutter spacing at the depression area was studied, and the influence of different cutter spacing and tilt angles at the conical surface on the rock breaking condition, cutter load, and rock breaking efficiency was revealed. The reasonable cutter spacing and tilt angle at the conical surface were obtained by taking the specific energy of rock breaking as the index. Finally, it was found that the star-shaped layout was suitable for cutters on the special-shaped cutterhead, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the cutter layout scheme. The results show that cutter spacing of cutters should be reduced at the depression area of the phyllite strata. When cutters on the special-shaped cutterhead at the conical surface adopt the vertical conical installation method, the rock breaking efficiency is higher. After the optimization of the cutter layout, the radial load of the special-shaped cutterhead is reduced by 24.07%, and the resultant moment of the cutterhead is reduced by 40.83%. The research results can provide a reference for cutter layout on the special-shaped cutterhead in shaft engineering.
- shaft boring machine /
- special-shaped cutterhead /
- discrete element method /
- specific energy /
- cutter layout

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图 1 竖井全断面掘进机异型刀盘模型

Figure 1. Special-shaped cutterhead model of shaft boring machine

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图 2 刀盘上滚刀受力示意

Figure 2. Force diagram of cutters on cutterhead

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图 3 千枚岩的应力-应变全过程曲线

Figure 3. Stress-strain whole process curve of phyllite

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图 4 滚刀破岩仿真模型

Figure 4. Rock breaking simulation model of cutters

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图 5 凹陷区域处90 mm刀间距破岩效果

Figure 5. Rock breaking effect of cutters with 90 mm cutter spacing at depression area

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图 6 凹陷区域处不同刀间距破岩效果

Figure 6. Rock breaking effect of cutters with different cutter spacing at depression area

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图 7 滚刀垂直力和破岩体积变化规律

Figure 7. Variation law of vertical force and rock breaking volume of cutters

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图 8 不同刀间距的破岩效果图

Figure 8. Rock breaking effect of cutters with different cutter spacing

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图 9 不同刀间距的滚刀垂直力

Figure 9. Vertical force of cutters with different cutter spacing

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图 10 不同刀间距的破岩体积

Figure 10. Rock breaking volume of cutters with different cutter spacing

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图 11 不同刀间距的破岩比能

Figure 11. Specific energy of rock breaking of cutters with different cutter spacing

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图 12 不同安装倾角的破岩效果图

Figure 12. Rock breaking effect of cutters with different tilt angles

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图 13 不同安装倾角的滚刀垂直力

Figure 13. Vertical force of cutters with different tilt angles

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图 14 不同倾角的岩石破碎体积

Figure 14. Rock breaking volume of cutters with different tilt angles

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图 15 不同倾角的破岩比能

Figure 15. TSpecific energy of rock breaking of cutters with different tilt angles

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图 16 异型刀盘上滚刀布局示意

Figure 16. Cutter layout on special-shaped cutterhead

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图 17 优化后滚刀布局示意

Figure 17. Optimized cutter layout

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表 1 各地层岩石力学参数

Table 1. Rock mechanics parameters of each stratum

深度/m	地层	承载力/kPa	抗压强度/MPa	内摩擦角/（°）	凝聚力/MPa	密度/（g·cm⁻³）
2～4	粉质黏土	150	0.16	23.9	0.04	1.95
16～37	强风化石英岩	600	48.50	38.2	1.30	2.70
48～50	中风化石英岩	2500	63.50	5.2	4.50	2.90
60～79	微风化石英岩	5000	87.10	34.8	5.20	2.90
90～702	千枚岩	3500	78.50	24.8	9.93	2.70

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表 2 千枚岩体模型的细观参数

Table 2. Meso-parameters of phyllite model

参数	取值
有效模量/GPa	9.95
刚度比	1.5
胶结有效模量/GPa	9.95
胶结刚度比	1.5
内聚力/MPa	8.0
摩擦角/（°）	38.5
摩擦系数	0.6

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表 3 未优化的部分刀具布局参数

Table 3. Partial cutter layout parameters not involved in optimization

滚刀刀号	极径/mm	极角/（°）	滚刀刀号	极径/mm	极角/（°）
S1	57.34、130.66	90.0	S6	794.14、867.86	180.0
S2	204.38、278.10	270.0	S7	925.20、1015.20	90.0
S3	351.82、425.54	90.0	S8	1105.20、1195.20	270.0
S4	499.26、572.98	270.0	S9	1285.20、1375.20	225.0
S5	646.70、720.42	0	S10	1465.20、1555.20	45.0

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表 4 优化前、后滚刀布局参数

Table 4. Partial cutter layout parameters before and after optimization

滚刀刀号	优化前		优化后
滚刀刀号	极径/mm	极角/ （°）	极径/mm	极角/ （°）
S11	1612.54、1694.46	315.0	1609.30、1695.90	315.0
S12	1776.38、1858.30	135.0	1781.80、1859.30	135.0
S13	1940.22	90.0	1932.80	90.0
S14	2022.14	270.0	2021.10	270.0
S15	2104.06	65.0	2098.50	65.0
S16	2185.98	245.0	2194.50	245.0
S17	2267.90	115.0	2265.10	115.0
S18	2349.82	295.0	2357.60	295.0
S19	2431.74	90.0	2432.20	90.0
S20	2513.66	270.0	2511.30	270.0
S21	2595.58	65.0	2599.70	65.0
S22	2677.50	245.0	2680.50	245.0
S23	2759.42	115.0	2755.90	115.0
S24	2841.34	295.0	2845.40	295.0
S25	2923.26	90.0	2924.40	90.0
S26	3005.18	270.0	3008.80	270.0
S27	3087.10	65.0	3085.50	65.0
S28	3169.02	245.0	3171.00	245.0
S29	3242.74	20.0	3245.20	17.8
S30	3316.46	200.0	3318.40	196.6
S31	3390.18	340.0	3392.80	337.2
S32	3463.90	160.0	3460.00	158.5
S33	3537.62（3611.34）	0	3535.50（3611.30）	−0.7
S34	3685.06（3758.78）	180.0	3678.30（3751.20）	180.0
S35	3832.50	20.0	3839.80	17.8
S36	3906.22	200.0	3903.50	196.6
S37	3979.94	340.0	3985.80	337.2
S38	4050.00	160.0	4050.00	158.5

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表 5 优化前后各目标函数的对比

Table 5. Comparison of objective functions before and after optimization

目标函数	径向载荷/N	刀盘合力矩/ （×10⁹ N•m）	破岩量方差/ （ ×10⁵ mm³）
原刀盘	446.19	3.5	333.73
优化后	338.88	2.1	333.68

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