Modeling and Operational Characteristic Analysis of High-Voltage Dedicated Line Continuous Power Supply System
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摘要:
高压专线贯通供电系统是一种实现长距离、无分相的新型牵引供电方案. 为准确掌握该系统的运行特性，在考虑高压输电线路并联电容和车网耦合关系的基础上，采用二端口网络理论对贯通高压输电网进行简化；同时，通过恒功率负载模拟列车负荷，构建高压专线贯通供电系统的潮流等效模型；基于该模型，采用前推回代法实现列车动态潮流计算，并理论分析牵引网电流分配、系统等效阻抗的变化规律及其影响因素；最后，仿真分析在不同工况下牵引网电压分布、牵引变电所功率分配以及空载环流的传输特性. 研究结果表明：在轻载运行时，贯通高压输电网采用电缆的方案会导致线路末端电压显著提高；再生列车有助于改善网压水平，并能高效利用再生能量；线路空载时，通过保持各牵引变压器的实际变比一致以及减少贯通高压输电网的长度，可以有效降低空载环流.
Abstract:The high-voltage dedicated line continuous power supply system (HDLCPSS) is a novel traction power supply scheme that enables long-distance and phase separation-free operation. To accurately grasp the operational characteristics of this system, the continuous high-voltage transmission network was simplified using the two-port network theory by considering the parallel capacitance of high-voltage transmission lines and the coupling relationship between the train and the catenary. A constant power load was used to simulate the train load, and a power flow equivalent model of the HDLCPSS was constructed. Based on this model, the forward-backward substitution method was used for dynamic power flow calculation of trains. The variation patterns of traction network current distribution, system’s equivalent impedance, and their influencing factors were theoretically analyzed. Finally, a simulation analysis was conducted on the voltage distribution of the traction network, the power distribution of traction substations under different operating conditions, and the transmission characteristics of no-load circulating current. The results show that during light-load operation, using the cable approach for the continuous high-voltage transmission network leads to a significant increase in the terminal voltage of the line. Trains with regenerative braking contribute to the improvement of catenary voltage levels and the efficient utilization of regenerative energy. Under no-load conditions, keeping the actual transformation ratio of each traction transformer consistent and reducing the length of the continuous high-voltage transmission network effectively reduce the no-load circulating current.
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图 1 高压专线贯通供电系统结构
Figure 1. Structure of high-voltage dedicated continuous power supply system
图 2 贯通高压输电网分布参数电路模型
Figure 2. Distributed parameter circuit model of continuous high-voltage transmission network
图 8 单车运行状态下牵引网电压
Figure 8. Traction network voltage under operating state of single train
图 9 两车运行状态下牵引网电压
Figure 9. Traction network voltage under operating state of two trains
图 11 多车含再生运行工况牵引网电压
Figure 11. Traction network voltage under multi-train operation with regenerative braking
图 12 单车运行状态下牵引变电所输出有功功率
Figure 12. All power output of traction substation under operating state of single train
图 13 双车运行状态下牵引变电所输出有功功率
Figure 13. All power output of traction substation under operating state of two trains
图 14 多车牵引运行状态下牵引变电所有功输出
Figure 14. All power output of traction substation under operating state of multiple trains
图 15 多车含再生运行状态下牵引变电所有功输出
Figure 15. All power output of traction substation under operating state of multiple trains with regenerative braking
图 16 牵引变压器变比对空载环流的影响
Figure 16. Influence of traction transformer’s transformation ratio on no-load circulating current
图 17 电缆长度及相间距对空载环流的影响
Figure 17. Influence of cable length and phase spacing on no-load circulating current
表 1 系统参数设置
Table 1. Parameter settings of system
装置 电气参数 取值 三相电力系统 系统短路容
量/（MV·A）4000 额定电压/kV 220 电力电缆YJLW02-127/220-400 自阻抗/（Ω·km−1） 0.1106 + j0.7232 互阻抗/（Ω·km−1） 0.0493 + j0.4952 对地电容/（F·km−1） 1.2926 ×10−7220 kV/27.5 kV
单相牵引变压器额定容量/（MV·A） 40 短路阻抗/% 10.5 短路损耗/kW 130 等效牵引网 等效阻抗/（Ω·km−1） 0.0938 + j0.3345 
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表 2 牵引变电所各端口电压计算对比
Table 2. Comparison of voltage calculations at each port of traction substation
kV 电压 UTT1 UTT2 UTT3 Utt1 Utt2 Utt3 理论 226.338 228.811 229.568 28.33 28.45 28.54 仿真 226.338 228.796 229.547 28.33 28.45 28.55 误差/% 0 0.006 0.009 0 0 0.030
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