Coupling Optimization and Regulation of Roadbed and Environment in Mountainous Railways
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摘要:
为实现山区铁路“路基-环境”高质量协调发展，提出一种“路基-环境”耦合优化调控方法. 首先，对于铁路“路基-环境”相容共生进行定义，构建绿色要素指标体系，并结合耦合魔方游戏模型明晰耦合调控框架；其次，利用耦合协调度模型、施压承载模型及各关键要素间的函数关系共同构建“路基-环境”调控优化目标函数及约束条件，将路基工程绿色关键要素作为主控变量，采取智能优化算法(CSA)进行求解，得到相容共生状态下的各主控变量最优解；最后，以某山区铁路路基为例进行实证分析. 结果表明：当各主控变量路堑开挖尺寸、路堤填筑尺寸、支挡结构设计、支挡结构布设、工程防护结构设计、边坡工程防护布设、植物防护结构设计、边坡植物防护布设、生态声屏障结构设计、生态声屏障布设依次分别优化36.83%，43.14%，49.93%，68.91%，69.98%，68.91%，23.42%，68.91%，19.64%，19.60%比例时，可以实现铁路“路基-环境”从初级协调状态向中级协调状态的演化，研究结果验证了构建的“路基-环境”调控优化模型的合理性以及CSA算法求最优解的有效性，为实现山区铁路路基工程绿色化建设提供了科学参考.
Abstract:To achieve high-quality coordinated development of roadbed and environment in mountainous railways, a coupling optimization and regulation method of roadbed and environment was proposed. Firstly, the compatibility and symbiosis between the railway roadbed and the environment were defined, and a green element indicator system was constructed. The coupling regulation framework was clarified by combining the coupled Rubik’s cube game model. Secondly, the coupling coordination degree model, pressure bearing model, and functional relationships between key elements were used to jointly construct the objective function and constraint conditions for roadbed and environment regulation and optimization. The green key elements of roadbed engineering were taken as the main control variables, and an intelligent optimization algorithm, namely the chameleon swarm algorithm (CSA) was adopted to solve them, obtaining the optimal solutions of each main control variable in a compatible and symbiotic state. Finally, an empirical analysis was conducted by using the railway roadbed in a certain mountainous area as an example. The results show that when the main control variables of road cut excavation size, embankment filling size, support structure design, support structure layout, engineering protection structure design, slope engineering protection layout, plant protection structure design, slope plant protection layout, ecological sound barrier structure design, and ecological sound barrier layout are optimized by 36.83%, 43.14%, 49.93%, 68.91%, 69.98%, 68.91%, 23.42%, 68.91%, 19.64%, and 19.60%, respectively, the evolution of railway roadbed and environment from primary coordination state to intermediate coordination state can be achieved. The research results verify the rationality of the constructed roadbed and environment regulation and optimization model and the effectiveness of CSA in finding the optimal solution, providing a scientific basis for achieving green construction of railway roadbed engineering in mountainous areas.
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图 2 铁路“路基-环境”绿色要素指标体系
Figure 2. Index system for green elements of railway roadbed and environment
图 7 主控变量最优解优化比例
Figure 7. Optimization proportion of optimal solution for main control variables
表 1 耦合协调度划分标准
Table 1. Classification criteria for ccoupling coordination degree
第1分类 划分标准 第2分类及划分标准 协调发展类 0.9＜D≤1.0 优质协调 0.8＜D≤0.9 良好协调 0.7＜D≤0.8 中级协调 0.6＜D≤0.7 初级协调 过渡发展类 0.5＜D≤0.6 勉强发展 0.4＜D≤0.5 濒临失调 失调衰退类 0.3＜D≤0.4 轻度失调 0.2＜D≤0.3 中度失调 0.1＜D≤0.2 严重失调 0＜D≤0.1 极度失调 
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