地铁弓网系统摩擦自激振动研究

冯晓航; 陈光雄; 梅桂明; 董丙杰; 赵鹏鹏; 李先航

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220873

地铁弓网系统摩擦自激振动研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220873

1.
西南交通大学机械工程学院，四川成都 610031
2.
西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川成都 610031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52175189）

详细信息

作者简介:
冯晓航（1998—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为轮轨摩擦学，E-mail：fxh1010@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
陈光雄（1962—），男，教授，博士，研究方向为摩擦振动与噪声，E-mail：chen_guangx@163.com

中图分类号: O323
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-19
- 修回日期: 2023-02-21
- 网络出版日期: 2024-06-04

Frictional Self-Excited Vibration of a Metro Pantograph-Catenary System

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China

摘要

摘要:
为研究弓网系统摩擦自激振动对碳滑板与接触线之间接触损耗的影响，基于摩擦自激振动理论，建立地铁刚柔过渡段处受电弓-接触网系统有限元模型，并利用复特征值分析方法研究不同弓网参数对该系统摩擦自激振动的影响. 分析结果显示：弓网系统由摩擦自激振动引起接触线波磨产生的主频为399.61 Hz；当摩擦系数大于或等于0.11时，受电弓-接触网系统出现不稳定振动，且摩擦系数越大，该系统出现不稳定振动的趋势越强；法向接触力、碳滑板与接触线的接触位置以及弓头弹簧刚度对弓网系统摩擦自激振动的产生有很大影响；摩擦系数低于0.11并且选择合适的法向接触力或调整弓头弹簧刚度可以抑制甚至消除弓网系统的摩擦自激振动，进而减少弓/网间摩擦引起的接触损耗.
- 弓网系统 /
- 刚柔过渡 /
- 摩擦自激振动 /
- 复特征值分析 /
- 数值仿真
Abstract:
In order to study the influence of frictional self-excited vibration of a pantograph-catenary system on the contact loss between the carbon strip and contact wire, a finite element model of the pantograph-catenary system at the rigid and flexible transition section of a metro was established based on the theory of frictional self-excited vibration. The complex eigenvalue analysis method was used to study the influence of different pantograph-catenary parameters on the frictional self-excited vibration of the system. The analysis results show that the main frequency of contact line corrugation caused by frictional self-excited vibration of the pantograph-catenary system is 399.61 Hz. When the friction coefficient is greater than or equal to 0.11, the pantograph-catenary system has unstable vibration, and with the increase in the friction coefficient, the unstable vibration tends to be stronger. The normal contact force, the contact position between the carbon strip and the contact wire, and the stiffness of the pantograph bow spring have great influences on the occurrence of the frictional self-excited vibration of the pantograph-catenary system. When the friction coefficient is less than 0.11, selecting the appropriate normal contact force or adjusting the stiffness of the pantograph bow spring can restrain or even eliminate the frictional self-excited vibration of the pantograph-catenary system and then reduce the contact loss caused by the friction between the pantograph and catenary.
- pantograph-catenary system /
- rigid and flexible transition /
- frictional self-excited vibration /
- complex eigenvalue analysis /
- numerical simulation

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图 1 接触网有限元模型

Figure 1. Finite element model of catenary

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图 2 柔性接触网模型

Figure 2. Flexible catenary model

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图 3 受电弓有限元模型

Figure 3. Finite element model of pantograph

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图 4 弓网系统有限元模型

Figure 4. Finite element model of pantograph-catenary system

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图 5 刚性弓网系统不稳定振动模态

Figure 5. Unstable vibration mode shapes of rigid pantograph-catenary system

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图 6 接触线波磨波长

Figure 6. Wavelength of contact wire corrugation

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图 7 等效阻尼比和频率的变化关系

Figure 7. Variation of equivalent damping ratio with frequency under different friction coefficients

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图 8 系统不稳定振动频率对应的等效阻尼比随法向接触力的变化

Figure 8. Variation of equivalent damping ratio of unstable vibration frequency of system with normal contact force

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图 9 实际线路中碳滑板磨损位置

Figure 9. Wear position of a carbon strip in actual lines

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图 10 有限元模型中碳滑板接触位置

Figure 10. Contact position of carbon strip in finite element model

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图 11 碳滑板接触位置变化，等效阻尼比与频率的变化关系

Figure 11. Variation of contact position of carbon strip and variation of equivalent damping ratio with frequency

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图 12 不同接触网位置下，等效阻尼比与频率的变化关系

Figure 12. Variation of equivalent damping ratio with frequency under different catenary positions

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图 13 不同频率下，等效阻尼比ζ与弓头弹簧刚度的变化关系

Figure 13. Variation of equivalent damping ratio with stiffness of pantograph bow spring under different frequencies

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表 1 刚性接触网模型参数

Table 1. Rigid catenary model parameters

部件	材料	密度/ （× 10³ kg•m⁻³）	弹性模量/ GPa	泊松比
汇流排	6101B	2.71	69	0.33
接触线	CTHA120	8.92	130	0.30
定位线夹	铝合金	2.70	70	0.34
绝缘子	陶瓷	3.80	340	0.22

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表 2 柔性接触网模型参数

Table 2. Flexible catenary model parameters

部件	材料	密度/ （× 10³ kg•m⁻³）	弹性模量/ GPa	泊松比
承力索	JT150	9.20	105	0.3
接触线	CTHA120	8.92	130	0.3

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表 3 受电弓各部件材料

Table 3. Material properties of pantograph components

部件	材料	密度/ （ × 10³ kg•m^–3）	弹性模量/ GPa	泊松比
平衡杆	碳纤维	1.9	231	0.23
碳滑板	铜、碳	2.4	12.6	0.43
下臂杆	铝合金	2.8	72	0.33
弓头支架	钛合金	4.5	117	0.34
其他部件	Q235	7.8	210	0.30

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表 4 弓网系统计算参数变化范围

Table 4. Variation range of calculation parameters of pantograph-catenary system

参数	数值
摩擦系数	0.11～0.45
法向接触力/N	40～260
碳滑板接触位置	中间位置，位置1～4
接触网类型	刚性接触网、刚柔过渡处、柔性接触网
弓头弹簧刚度/ （N•m⁻¹）	1100～5600

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