基于车轨耦合的地铁车轮多边形形成机理

施以旋; 戴焕云; 毛庆洲; 石怀龙; 汪群生

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220785

基于车轨耦合的地铁车轮多边形形成机理

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220785

施以旋^{1, 2,},
戴焕云^1, ,,
毛庆洲²,
石怀龙¹,
汪群生¹

1.
西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室，四川成都 610031
2.
武汉大学遥感信息工程学院，湖北武汉 430070

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51975485，52272406，52102441）；中国博士后科学基金（2023TQ0253）

详细信息

作者简介:
施以旋（1990—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为车辆系统动力学，E-mail：shiyixuan@my.swjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
戴焕云（1966—），男，研究员，研究方向为车辆系统动力学，E-mail：daihuanyun@163.com

中图分类号: U270.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 214
- HTML全文浏览量: 123
- PDF下载量: 40
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-15
- 修回日期: 2023-03-14
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-16

Formation Mechanism of Metro Wheel Polygonal Based on Vehicle-Track Coupling

1.
State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2.
School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China

摘要

摘要:
车轮多边形磨耗会恶化轨道车辆振动环境，导致结构部件的共振疲劳失效，严重威胁行车安全. 为研究地铁车辆车轮多边形磨耗的形成机理，开展线路动态跟踪试验研究，建立车轨垂向耦合有限元模型和动力学模型，并进行轮轨长期磨耗迭代仿真分析. 研究结果表明：实测车辆发生了明显的7～9阶的车轮多边形磨耗，导致车辆出现50～70 Hz的强迫振动，频率与轮轨系统耦合振动P₂力频率接近；通过车轮磨耗迭代仿真分析，确定了钢轨周期性接头焊缝不平顺引起的轮轨系统P₂力共振是导致车轮7～9阶多边形磨耗的根本原因；对钢弹簧浮置板道床和梯形轨枕道床而言，长期轮轨P₂力作用会分别引起8阶和15阶车轮多边形磨耗.
- 地铁车辆 /
- 车轮多边形 /
- 车轨耦合 /
- 磨耗模型 /
- 车辆动力学
Abstract:
Wheel polygonal wear will deteriorate the vibration environment of rail vehicles, lead to resonance fatigue failure of structural components, and seriously threaten driving safety. To study the formation mechanism of wheel polygonal wear of metro vehicles, the dynamic line tracking test was carried out, and the vertical coupling finite element model and dynamics model of the track were established. In addition, the iterative simulation analysis of long-term wheel-track wear was carried out. The results show that the wheel polygonal wear of 7–9th order occurs in the measured vehicle, which leads to the forced vibration of 50–70 Hz, and the frequency is close to that of the P₂ force during the coupling vibration of the wheel-track system. Through the iterative simulation analysis of wheel wear, it is determined that P₂ force resonance of the wheel-rail system caused by periodic irregular rail joint weld is the root cause of the 7th–9th order wheel polygonal wear. Under the long-term action of P₂ force, the floating slab track bed and the ladder sleeper track bed of steel spring will cause 8th and 15th order wheel polygonal wear, respectively.
- metro vehicle /
- wheel polygon /
- vehicle-track coupling /
- wear model /
- vehicle dynamics

HTML全文

图 1 地铁车辆车轮踏面

Figure 1. Wheel tread of metro vehicle

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图 2 车轮粗糙度测试结果

Figure 2. Test results of wheel roughness

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图 3 车轮粗糙度对比

Figure 3. Comparison of wheel roughness

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图 4 转向架动力学试验测点^[7]

Figure 4. Dynamics test measuring point on bogie^[7]

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图 5 轴箱加速度分析

Figure 5. Acceleration analysis of axlebox

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图 6 加速度幅频特性分析

Figure 6. Amplitude-frequency analysis of acceleration

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图 7 车辆-轨道垂向耦合模型

Figure 7. Vehicle-track vertical coupling model

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图 8 单轮轨耦合轮轨频响特性

Figure 8. Frequency response characteristics of single wheel-track coupling

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图 9 多轮轨接触相互作用（整车）

Figure 9. Multi wheel-track contact interaction (vehicle)

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图 10 车辆-轨道耦合有限元模型

Figure 10. Vehicle-track coupling finite element model

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图 11 车辆-轨道刚柔耦合动力学模型

Figure 11. Vehicle-track rigid-flexible coupling dynamics model

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图 12 车轮多边形磨耗预测模型

Figure 12. Prediction model of wheel polygonal wear

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图 13 钢轨焊缝不平顺

Figure 13. Irregularity of rail weld

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图 14 轮轨耦合作用分析模型

Figure 14. Analysis model of wheel-track coupling

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图 15 轮轨耦合状态下轮轨法向力频响特性

Figure 15. Frequency response characteristics of wheel-track normal force under wheel-track coupling

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图 16 轮轨法向力和横向蠕滑力

Figure 16. wheel-track normal force and lateral creep force

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图 17 车轨耦合作用下轨道模态的参数分析

Figure 17. Parameter analysis of track modal under the action of vehicle-track coupling

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图 18 车轮不平顺磨耗演变过程

Figure 18. Evolution of wheel irregular wear

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表 1 地铁车辆和轨道的主要参数

Table 1. Main parameters of metro vehicles and tracks

参数	符号	数值
定距之半/m	l_c	7.85
轴距之半/m	l_w	1.25
车体质量/kg	M_c	24937
构架质量/kg	M_f	1830
轮对质量/kg	M_w	1231
一系悬挂垂向刚度/（MN·m⁻¹）	K_ps	1.5
一系悬挂垂向阻尼/（kN·s·m⁻¹）	C_ps	2
浮置板道床扣件垂向刚度/（MN·m⁻¹）	K_a	50
浮置板支撑刚度/（kN·s·m⁻¹）	C_a	20
梯形轨枕扣件垂向刚度（MN·m⁻¹）	K_b	60
梯形轨枕纵梁支撑刚度/（kN·s·m⁻¹）	C_b	20
普通道床扣件垂向刚度/（MN·m⁻¹）	K_c	20
浮置板长度/m	L_a	24
梯形轨枕纵梁长度/m	L_b	6

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