Modeling and Simulation of Inductive Coupling Interference from Suburban Railways to Buried Pipelines
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摘要:
随着市域铁路和油气管道的快速发展，铁路与埋地管道平行或交叉铺设的情况已不可避免. 为分析市域铁路牵引供电系统对油气管道安全运行的影响，首先，建立铁路交流牵引供电系统与邻近埋地管道的数学模型，并利用CDEGS软件进行仿真验证；然后，采用等效距离方法将斜接近和平行接近2种情况进行统一，探究牵引供电系统对邻近埋地管道的影响机理，分析土壤电阻率、导线与埋地管道间接近距离、机车负荷电流、铁路与埋地管道间并行长度、管道涂层电阻率、动车组电流谐波次数等因素对管道沿线感应耦合电压分布的影响；最后，结合贯通地线的设置，提出4种抑制感应耦合电压的方案进行对比分析. 研究结果表明：当市域铁路牵引供电系统与埋地管道的最大间距与最小间距比值小于4.5时，采用等效距离方法的偏差在5%以内；管道上的感应耦合电压极大值随着土壤电阻率的增加而增大；接近距离由50 m增大到250 m时，感应耦合电压降幅为50.6%；机车负荷电流在200～
1000 A变化时，感应耦合电压增幅较大；并行长度在2～10 km变化时，感应耦合电压从22.6 V增加到170.7 V；谐波含有率和谐波次数对感应耦合电压的影响不可忽视；在贯通地线基础上增设一根回流线的方案对抑制感应耦合电压的效果最佳.Abstract:With the rapid development of suburban railways and oil and gas pipelines, parallel laying or cross-laying is inevitable for suburban railways and buried pipelines. In order to assess the impact of the traction power supply system of suburban railways on the safe operation of oil and gas pipelines, firstly, the mathematical model of the alternating current (AC) traction power supply system of the suburban railways and the adjacent buried pipelines was established, and the simulation based on CDEGS software was conducted. Next, the two cases of the oblique approach and parallel approach were unified by the equivalent distance method. The influence mechanism of the traction power supply system of the suburban railways on the adjacent buried pipeline was investigated, and the influence of factors including soil resistivity, distance between the conductor and the buried pipeline, locomotive load current, parallel length of railway and buried pipeline, pipeline coating resistivity, and number of current harmonics of electric multiple units on the inductive coupling voltage distribution along the pipeline was investigated. Finally, combined with the setting of a through ground line, four schemes to suppress the inductive coupling voltage were put forward for comparative analysis. The results show that the error of the equivalent distance method is within 5% when the ratio of the maximum distance to the minimum distance between the traction power supply system of the suburban railway and the buried pipeline is less than 4.5. The maximum value of the inductive coupling voltage of the pipeline increases with increasing soil resistivity. The decrease in the inductive coupling voltage is 50.6% when the distance between the suburban railway and the buried pipeline varies from 50 m to 250 m. The increase in the inductive coupling voltage rises significantly when the locomotive load current varies from 200 A to 1 000 A. The inductive coupling voltage increases from 22.6 V to 170.7 V when the parallel length varies from 2 km to 10 km. The harmonic content and the number of harmonics have a significant influence on the inductive coupling voltage. The best inductive coupling voltage suppression effect is achieved by adding a return line on the basis of the through ground line.
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Key words:
- suburban railway /
- buried pipelines /
- inductive coupling voltage /
- oblique approach /
- harmonics
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图 1 市域铁路对邻近埋地管道电磁干扰示意
Figure 1. Electromagnetic interference from suburban railways to adjacent buried pipelines
图 2 埋地管道对地分布参数模型
Figure 2. Parametric model of buried pipeline during ground distribution
图 3 市域铁路牵引供电系统线路与管道空间位置示意
Figure 3. Spatial location of lines of traction power supply system of suburban railways and pipelines
图 4 市域铁路牵引供电系统与埋地管道位置示意（单位：mm）
Figure 4. Location of traction power supply system of suburban railways and buried pipelines (unit: mm)
图 6 平行接近时数学模型与仿真模型结果对比
Figure 6. Comparison of values calculated by mathematical model with those calculated by simulation model during parallel approach
图 7 斜接近时数学模型与仿真模型结果对比
Figure 7. Comparison of values calculated by mathematical model with those calculated by simulation model during oblique approach
图 8 直接供电方式下市域铁路与管道空间位置
Figure 8. Spatial location of suburban railway and pipeline under direct power supply method
图 9 土壤电阻率对管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 9. Influence of soil resistivity on inductive coupling voltage of pipeline
图 10 接近距离对管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 10. Influence of distance on inductive coupling voltage of pipeline
图 11 负荷电流对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 11. Influence of load currents on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 12 并行长度对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 12. Influence of parallel length on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 13 管道涂层电阻率对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 13. Influence of pipeline coating resistivity on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 14 交叉角度对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 14. Influence of crossover angle on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 15 单次谐波分量对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 15. Influence of single harmonic component on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 16 合成谐波对埋地管道感应耦合电压的影响
Figure 16. Influence of synthetic harmonics on inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline
图 18 4种抑制方案下仿真模型横截面示意
Figure 18. Cross-section of simulation model under four suppression schemes
图 19 不同抑制方案下埋地管道感应耦合电压
Figure 19. Inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline under different suppression schemes
表 1 直供加回流供电方式牵引网导线规格参数
Table 1. Specifications of traction network conductors for direct power supply with return wire
导线类型 导线规格 计算半
径/mm电阻/
（Ω·km−1）等效半
径/mm接触线 CTA-120 6.45 0.148 5.03 承力索 JTMH-95 5.90 0.303 5.30 回流线 LBGLJ-185 7.85 0.146 6.11 
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表 2 钢轨规格参数
Table 2. Specifications of rail
参数 规格/（kg·m−1） 截面面积/cm2 计算半径/mm 电阻/（Ω·km−1） 等效半径/mm 取值 60 77.08 109.10 0.135 12.79
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表 3 埋地管道参数
Table 3. Parameters of buried pipeline
参数 规格 管道金属相对磁导率 300 管道金属电阻率/（× 10−7 Ω·m） 1.7 管道涂层相对介电常数 5 管道涂层电阻率/（× 105 Ω·m2） 1.0 管道半径/m 0.3 管道涂层厚度/m 0.003 管道埋深/m 1.5
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表 4 负荷电流变化时埋地管道感应耦合电压最大值
Table 4. Maximum values of inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline during load current variations
负荷电流幅值/A 数学模型/V 仿真模型/V 偏差/% 200 32.5 30.7 5.5 400 64.9 61.5 5.2 600 97.1 92.2 5.0 800 129.5 123.2 4.9 1000 162.2 154.4 4.8
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表 5 间距比值变化时埋地管道感应耦合电压最大值
Table 5. Maximum values of inductive coupling voltage of buried pipeline with varying distance ratios
Ri 数学模型/V 仿真模型/V 偏差/% 1.5 75.9 73.5 3.2 2.0 72.2 70.2 2.8 2.5 69.7 67.8 2.7 3.0 67.3 65.2 3.1 3.5 65.6 63.2 3.7 4.0 63.8 61.1 4.2 4.5 62.4 59.4 4.8
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表 6 某动车组谐波参数
Table 6. Harmonic parameters of electric multiple unit
主要谐波次数/次 含有率/% 3 1.38 5 2.84 21 3.00 23 4.07 25 2.40
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