Mechanical Characteristics of Low-Wind-Pressure Catenary Positive Feeder in Gale Area of Lanzhou‒Urumuqi High-Speed Railway
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摘要:
为抑制兰新高铁大风区正馈线舞动，保证列车安全运行， 首先，设计新型低风压正馈线，仿真获取常规正馈线和低风压正馈线在不同风载荷下的气动力参数和舞动幅值，并进行对比分析；其次，对防舞效果较佳的3种低风压正馈线建立三维有限元模型，并施加拉伸载荷，模拟正馈线舞动时的受力情况；最后，分析低风压正馈线形变及应力变化. 结果表明：低风压正馈线自由端形变量远大于固定端，铝股线形变量大于钢股线，且越往外层，股线形变量越大；在绞线制造时可以考虑将钢层和铝层交替绞合，以平衡绞线的导电性和刚性. 在股线相互接触的位置出现了应力集中，应力集中位置与股线绞合方向相同；在绞线制造时，可以考虑在股线表面覆缓冲层，以减缓正馈线舞动时股线之间的振荡冲击，并延长正馈线的使用寿命；低风压正馈线模型的凹槽小圆弧半径与常规正馈线半径的比值越大，最外层铝股线的形变越大，正馈线舞动时越容易断股；在低风压正馈线选型时应该综合考虑，平衡防舞有效性与使用寿命.
Abstract:In order to restrain the galloping amplitude of the positive feeder in the gale area of the Lanzhou‒Urumuqi high-speed railway and ensure the safe operation of the train, firstly, a novel type of low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeder was designed, and the aerodynamic parameters and galloping amplitude of the conventional catenary positive feeder and the low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeder under different wind loads were simulated and compared. Then, a three-dimensional finite element model of the low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeders with the three better anti-galloping effects was established and tensile loads were applied to simulate the stress condition of the positive feeder when the positive feeders were galloping. Finally, the deformation and variation stress of the low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeder were analyzed. The results show that, the deformation of the free end of the catenary positive feeder is much larger than that of the fixed end, the deformation of the aluminum strand layer is larger than that of the steel strand layer, and the further to the outer layer, the larger the strand deformation, twining alternately steel and aluminum layers can be considered in the feeder manufacturing to balance the electroconductibility and rigidity. The stress concentration occurs at the location where the strands squeezing with each other, and the stress concentration position is the same as the direction of the strand twining with each other. A buffer layer should be considered on the surface of the strands during the positive feeder manufacturing, to mitigate oscillatory shock between the strands when the positive feeder galloping, and to prolong the service life of the positive feeder. The larger the ratio of the groove radius of the low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeder to the radius of the conventional feeder, the greater the deformation of the outermost aluminum strands, the strands are more likely to break when the positive feeder is galloping. Therefore, the type selection of low wind pressure positive feeder should be comprehensively considered to balance the anti-galloping effectiveness and the service life.
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图 1 常规正馈线二维截面示意
Figure 1. Two-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of conventional catenary positive feeder
图 2 r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线截面示意
Figure 2. Cross-sectional diagram of low-wind-pressure catenary positive feeder with r/R = 0.14
图 5 不同低风压正馈线模型阻力系数曲线
Figure 5. Drag coefficient curves for different types ofcatenary positive feeder models
图 7 r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线三维模型
Figure 7. Three-dimensional model of positive feeder with r/R = 0.14
图 9 r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线形变云图
Figure 9. Deformation nephogram of positive feeder with r/R = 0.14
图 10 r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线应力
Figure 10. Stress nephogram of positive feeder with r/R = 0.14
图 11 r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线轴向截面云图
Figure 11. Axial section nephogram of positive feeder with r/R = 0.14
图 12 25% RTS作用下r/R = 0.14型低风压正馈线横向截面应力云图
Figure 12. Stress nephogram of horizontal cross-section of positive feeder with r/R = 0.14 under 25% RTS
图 13 3种低风压正馈线25% RTS作用下状态参数变化曲线
Figure 13. Variation of state parameter for the three types of positive feeders under 25% RTS
表 1 常规正馈线结构参数
Table 1. Structural parameters of conventional positive feeder
材料 层数 股数/股 直径/mm 节径/mm 节距/mm 绞向 钢 最内层 1 2.22 次内层 6 2.22 21 139.86 左 铝 次外层 10 2.85 13 160.68 右 邻外层 16 2.85 12 216.72 左 最外层 22 2.85 11 261.36 右 
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表 2 常规正馈线各层股线轴向张力
Table 2. Axial tension of each layer of conventional positive feeder
kN 材料 层数 理论值 仿真值 误差 钢 最内层 5.963 5.921 0.242 次内层 7.839 7.818 0.221 铝 次外层 3.956 3.651 0.305 邻外层 5.045 4.889 0.156 最外层 3.383 3.112 0.271
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