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泥巴山断裂带新构造现象及其意义

邓荣贵 钟志彬 王文坡 王园园 张晋 刘远程

邓荣贵, 钟志彬, 王文坡, 王园园, 张晋, 刘远程. 泥巴山断裂带新构造现象及其意义[J]. 西南交通大学学报. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220376
引用本文: 邓荣贵, 钟志彬, 王文坡, 王园园, 张晋, 刘远程. 泥巴山断裂带新构造现象及其意义[J]. 西南交通大学学报. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220376
DENG Ronggui, ZHONG Zhibin, WANG Wenpo, WANG Yuanyuan, ZHANG Jin, LIU Yuancheng. Characteristics and Significance of New Geological Tectonic Activities in Niba Mountain Fault Zone[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220376
Citation: DENG Ronggui, ZHONG Zhibin, WANG Wenpo, WANG Yuanyuan, ZHANG Jin, LIU Yuancheng. Characteristics and Significance of New Geological Tectonic Activities in Niba Mountain Fault Zone[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220376

泥巴山断裂带新构造现象及其意义

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220376
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41272321,51808458)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    邓荣贵(1960—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为地质工程及岩体力学, E-mail:drg60@home.swjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P546

Characteristics and Significance of New Geological Tectonic Activities in Niba Mountain Fault Zone

  • 摘要:

    在京昆高速公路雅安至西昌段泥巴山隧道场地区构造地质测绘中发现了新的地质构造现象,为论证泥巴山断裂带性质和新构造现象的区域地质构造意义,采用石英颗粒形态扫描、地质力学与岩体力学原理和数值模拟分析方法. 首先,阐述泥巴山隧道场地区的工程地质环境和新构造现象;然后,论述泥巴山断裂带边界断层和区域构造的活动性;其次,对新构造现象的区域地质构造意义进行探讨;最后,利用数值模拟分析论证新构造现象的存在性和区域构造新格架证据的合理性. 结果表明:泥巴山断裂带具有明显的新构造活动特征;新构造变形现象所属的泥巴山断裂带与川西“Y”字形活动构造带中的鲜水河活动断裂带有成因上的同根性,是鲜水河断裂带的东南延伸部分;泥巴山断裂带及其东南延伸断裂(峨边—马边—雷波段)与川西“Y”字形活动构造带构成了原生性的类“X”形构造模式,并具有孕育中强震活动的条件.

     

  • 图 1  隧址区断层及构造新现象平面分布

    Figure 1.  Plane distribution of faults and structural new phenomena in the tunnel site

    图 2  隧址区沿隧道轴线构造模式

    Figure 2.  Structural diagram of tunnel area

    图 3  保凰断层带

    Figure 3.  Baohuang fault

    图 4  曹大坪断层

    Figure 4.  Caodaping fault

    图 5  坚硬黏土中的剪切节理

    Figure 5.  Shear joint in hard clay

    图 6  曹大坪断层带断面特征(剖面A—A')

    Figure 6.  Section of the Caodaping fault zone (Section A—A')

    图 7  边坡揭露的断层特征

    Figure 7.  Fault in the slope

    图 8  曹大坪断层带断面特征(剖面BB')

    Figure 8.  Section of the Caodaping fault zone (section BB')

    图 9  西南地区断裂及震中分布特征

    Figure 9.  Fault and epicenters distribution characteristics in southwest China

    图 10  区域差异抬升幅度

    Figure 10.  Range of regional differential uplift

    图 11  燕山川西构造模式示意

    Figure 11.  Tectonic model of western Sichuan of Yanshan tectonic period

    图 12  喜山期川西构造模式

    Figure 12.  Tectonic model of West Sichuan in Himalayas period

    图 13  数值分析模型

    Figure 13.  Numerical analysis model

    图 14  区域不同深度平截面最大剪应力等值线(单位:MPa)

    Figure 14.  Maximum shear stress contours (unit: MPa)

    表  1  中小断层参数统计表

    Table  1.   Statistics of parameters of small and medium fault

    按断层走向统计按断层倾角统计
    走向条数/条占比/%倾角/(°)条数/条占比/%
    NEE37.10~1500
    NE511.915~3000
    NNE37.130~4512.4
    NNW521.545~60614.3
    NW1740.560~751433.3
    NWW911.975~902150.0
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  石英颗粒形态电子扫描显微(SEM)测年结果

    Table  2.   SEM dating results of quartz grains

    等级代号形态贝壳状 Io次贝壳状 Ia橘皮状 Ib鱼鳞状 Ic苔藓状 Ⅱ钟乳/虫蛀
    状 Ⅲ
    锅穴/珊瑚状 Ⅳ活动年代推测
    观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%观测个数/个占比/%
    现象 100515.600928.11856.30000 ${\rm{N}}_2^1 $、${\rm{N}}_2^2 $概率最大,Q1 及 Q3 均有
    现象 2109.82423.698.81817.61817.61211.81110.8 Q3 概率最大,其余均有
    现象 3107.52921.696.72720.13626.9129.0118.2 ${\rm{N}}_2^1 $、${\rm{N}}_2^2 $ 概率最大,其余均有
    现象 4001400728.01768.00000 ${\rm{N}}_2^1 $、${\rm{N}}_2^2 $ 概率最大,Q1 及 Q3 均有
    年代/万年0~
    1.17(Q4
    1.17~
    12.60(Q3
    12.60~
    78.00(Q2
    78.00~
    259.00(Q1
    259.00~
    360.00(${\rm{N}}_2^2 $)
    360.00~
    530.00(${\rm{N}}_2^1 $)
    >530.00
    (N1
    总样品数 293 个
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  西南部分地区地震线特征

    Table  3.   Seismic line characteristics in parts of southwest China

    序号地震线
    名称
    经过地方向长度/km所处的活动构造带名称
    (1)筠连—东川筠连—昭通—东川N32.8°E283.7东川—筠连—华蓥山
    (2)犍为—永仁千位—马边—美姑—攀枝花—永仁N32.8°E430.2犍为—马边,攀枝花—永仁
    (3)平武—丽江平武—汶川—宝兴—宁蒗—丽江N32.8°E797.8龙门山,木里—宁蒗—丽江
    (4)九寨沟—腾冲九寨沟—松潘—新都桥—稻城—中甸—腾冲N32.8°E853.1九寨沟—黑水,丹巴—新都桥,
    中甸—腾冲
    (5)松潘—曲靖松潘—校场—汶川—马边—
    东川—曲靖
    SN708.7松潘—校场,龙门山,马边—昭通,
    东川曲靖
    (6)马尔康—西昌马尔康—金川—丹巴—石棉—
    冕宁—西昌
    SN468.5安宁河,鲜水河及龙门山
    (7)甘孜—大理甘孜—新龙—理塘—丽江—大理SN625.3甘孜—理塘,丽江—大理
    (8)甘孜—马边甘孜—炉霍—道孚—康定—马边N32.8°W602.1鲜水河,马边—永善
    (9)理塘—曲靖理塘—西昌—宁南—巧家—
    东川—曲靖
    N32.8°W592.2理塘—木里,西昌巧家,东川—曲靖
    (10)中甸—永仁中甸—丽江—永仁N32.8°W289中甸—丽江—永仁
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  断层特征简表

    Table  4.   Summary of fault characteristics

    断裂带名称产状长度/km性质组成断层/条活动年限/万年备注
    鲜水河断裂N40.0°W/SW∠60°400左旋兼逆冲31.00 (全新世)区域性断裂
    龙门山断裂N40.0°E/NW∠60°500右旋兼逆冲31.00 (全新世)
    安宁河断裂N2.0°E/SE∠70°350逆冲兼左旋21.00 (全新世)
    荥—马断裂N28.0°W/SW∠60°250逆冲兼左旋91.00 (全新世)
    九襄断裂N60.0°E/NW∠47°30压扭16.24~7.15 (晚更新世)隧址区控制性断裂
    保凰断裂N40.0°W/SW∠75°100左旋兼逆冲240.70~51.90 (中更新世)
    金坪断裂N20.0°W/NE∠60°84左旋斜冲110.72~12.54 (晚更新世)
    红花断裂带N30.0°W/SW∠85°50压性136.76~43.06 (中更新世)
    曹大坪断层N35.0°W/SW∠86°25压扭16.40~7.60 (晚更新世)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  岩体工程特性参数表

    Table  5.   Rock engineering characteristic parameter

    深度
    段/km
    分区容重/
    (kN·m−3
    弹性模量/GPa泊松比内摩擦角/(°)黏聚
    力/MPa
    [0, 5]24.0450.224025.00
    26.0400.223520.00
    26.0350.223722.00
    断层岩21.020.24170.10
    (5, 15]26.0800.255537.00
    26.5750.255032.00
    26.5700.244527.00
    断层岩22.030.26180.10
    (15, 25]完整岩2.7900.266050.00
    断层岩24.050.27190.12
    (25, 45]完整岩2.81000.285545.00
    断层岩25.050.28190.12
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  隧址区岩体地应力测试结果

    Table  6.   Ground stress test results of rock mass in tunnel area

    孔号压裂段
    深度/m
    应力值/MPa较大水平主应力方向
    σHσhσv
    Zk2351.2016.0210.109.31N37.0°W
    Zk2430.7420.1214.2011.42N20.0°W
    Zk3662.2319.5913.2317.23N48.0°W
    Zk3753.5018.5613.1619.60N68.0°W
    Zk3906.4521.4115.0423.58N58.0°W
    Zk41113.1225.0818.1128.92N55.0°W
    Zk41262.4929.5421.9832.80N59.0°W
    Zk41324.2732.8422.9834.40N67.0°W
    Zk5617.359.568.2116.81N52.0°W
    Zk5804.6214.3312.8521.90N67.0°W
    Zk5831.1117.8613.2622.60N75.0°W
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  区域岩体地应力测试结果

    Table  7.   Ground stress test results of rock mass in region

    测量地点岩性及时代σH/MPaσh/MPa最大主应
    力方向
    普格荞窝奥陶纪灰岩6.224.70N54.4°W
    冕宁泸沽燕山期花岗岩4.123.66N59.3°W
    丹巴海西期角闪岩5.353.45N24.2°W
    雅江三叠纪砂岩6.484.84N56.0°W
    宝兴锅巴岩奥陶纪大理岩8.756.13N60.7°W
    康定呷巴三叠纪砂板岩6.555.15N85.7°W
    康定长河坝晋宁期花岗岩6.153.00N82°W
    天全老第三纪砂岩4.693.29N68.6°W
    雅安老第三纪砂岩4.132.50N45.0°W
    乾宁三叠纪砂岩3.652.46N53.4°W
    理塘三叠纪板岩8.504.55N34.5°W
    义敦燕山期花岗岩4.761.66N33.4°W
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-05-24
  • 修回日期:  2022-10-26
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-01-10

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