柴油机两级相继增压系统设计与匹配试验研究

李先南; 胡登; 王贺春; 王彬彬; 王银燕; 杨传雷; 贺天琪

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220055

柴油机两级相继增压系统设计与匹配试验研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220055

1.
中国船舶集团有限公司，上海 201108
2.
哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨150001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52171298）

详细信息

作者简介:
李先南（1986—），男，高级工程师，博士研究生，研究方向为内燃机燃烧与性能开发，E-mail：lixiannan@csic711.com

通讯作者:
王贺春（1979—），男，副教授，博士，研究方向为内燃机性能与增压技术等，E-mail：wanghechun@hrbeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TK422
计量
- 文章访问数: 558
- HTML全文浏览量: 267
- PDF下载量: 40
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-14
- 修回日期: 2022-05-16
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-18
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-27

Design and Matching Test of Two-Stage Sequential Supercharging System for Diesel Engines

1.
Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute, Shanghai 201108, China
2.
College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

摘要

摘要:
为改善低工况条件下因增压压力不足而造成柴油机缸内燃烧恶化问题，将两级增压（two-stage turbocharging，TST）与相继增压（sequential turbocharging，STC）技术相结合. 首先，通过推进特性试验进行两级相继增压与柴油机匹配计算，确定增压器型号；其次，利用GT-power软件得到增压器与柴油机联合运行曲线，验证方案的可行性；最后，进行台架试验，分析推进特性和负荷特性下两级相继增压对柴油机性能影响. 试验结果表明：推进特性条件下，在0～50%负荷区间，采用单涡轮增压（1TC）可以改善燃烧恶化问题；在50%～100%负荷区间，采用双涡轮增压（2TC）能够进一步提高空燃比，改善缸内燃烧，尤其在60%负荷下，燃油消耗率相比原机降低8.08%；两级相继增压模式在低转速、全扭矩及中高转速、高扭矩运行区域，可实现增压器的良好匹配.
- 柴油机 /
- 两级相继增压 /
- GT-power /
- 增压器匹配
Abstract:
To improve the deterioration of combustion in the cylinder of diesel engines due to insufficient supercharging pressure under low operating conditions, two-stage turbocharging is combined with sequential turbocharging technology. First, the matching calculation of two-stage sequential turbocharging and diesel engine is carried out through propulsion characteristic tests, and the turbocharger model is determined. Secondly, the combined operation curve of the supercharger and diesel engine is obtained by using GT-power software to verify the feasibility of the scheme. Finally, the bench test is carried out to analyze the influence of two-stage sequential turbocharging on diesel engine performance under propulsion and load characteristics. The test results show that with propulsion characteristics, single turbocharging (1TC mode) can effectively improve the combustion deterioration under the engine load of 0–50%. Under the engine load of 50%–100%, the twin turbocharging (2TC mode) can further increase the air-fuel ratio and improve the in-cylinder combustion; especially at 60% engine load, the fuel consumption rate is 8.08% lower than that of the original engine. The two-stage sequential turbocharging mode can achieve good matching of turbochargers at low speed and full torque as well as medium-high speed and high torque.
- diesel engine /
- two-stage sequential turbocharging /
- GT-power /
- supercharger matching

HTML全文

图 1 推进条件下各参数仿真与试验对比

Figure 1. Comparison of simulation and test of various parameters under propulsion conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 两级增压系统设计工况点计算流程

Figure 2. Calculation process of operating points for two-stage turbocharging system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 强化后柴油机推进特性下耗气特性

Figure 3. Gas consumption characteristics of enhanced diesel engine under propulsion characteristics

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 推进条件下各工况点对应增压器MAP图

Figure 4. MAP of turbocharger corresponding to each operating point under propulsion conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 负荷特性条件下各工况点对应增压器MAP图

Figure 5. MAP of supercharger corresponding to each operating point under load characteristic conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 改造后的实验台简图

Figure 6. Schematic of modified test bench

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 2TC、1TC与原机的对比

Figure 7. Comparison of 2TC, 1TC and original engine

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 等燃油消耗率曲线

Figure 8. Curves of isometric fuel consumption rate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 等最高爆压曲线

Figure 9. Curves of equal maximum explosion pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 柴油机主要技术参数

Table 1. Main technical parameters of diesel engine

参数	参考值
标定功率/kW	444
标定转速/（r·min⁻¹）	1800
气缸排列方式	V 型，60° 夹角
缸径/mm	128
冲程/mm	140
排量/L	28.8
压缩比	15∶1
发火次序	参考文献[6]
增压器型号	J100

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(14)

[1]	WINTRUFF I, BÜCHELER O, RALL H, et al. The new MTU series 4000 rail engines certified for EU IIIB[J]. MTZ Worldwide, 2011, 72(5): 30-34. doi: 10.1365/s38313-011-0050-0
[2]	王银燕,何清林,王贺春,等. 柴油机采用4台增压器相继增压性能的试验研究[J]. 内燃机工程,2012,33(1): 6-10,17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0925.2012.01.002 WANG Yinyan, HE Qinglin, WANG Hechun, et al. Experimental research on performance of four-turbocharger sequential turbocharged diesel engine[J]. Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering, 2012, 33(1): 6-10,17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0925.2012.01.002
[3]	SCHMITT F. Powerful turbocharging system for passenger car diesel engines[J]. MTZ Worldwide, 2014, 75(3): 12-19. doi: 10.1007/s38313-014-0028-9
[4]	魏名山,张志,方金莉,等. 带有放气阀的二级增压系统的设计与试验[J]. 内燃机学报,2009,27(2): 166-170. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0909.2009.02.012 WEI Mingshan, ZHANG Zhi, FANG Jinli, et al. Design and experiments for a regulated two-stage turbocharging system with a wastegate valve[J]. Transactions of CSICE, 2009, 27(2): 166-170. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0909.2009.02.012
[5]	高占斌,王彬彬,高敬博,等. 掺混生物柴油对相继增压柴油机燃烧性能的影响[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2022,57(4): 791-796. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20200544 GAO Zhanbin, WANG Binbin, GAO Jingbo, et al. Emission characteristics of successively supercharged diesel engine blended with biodiesel[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2022, 57(4): 791-796. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20200544
[6]	李先南. 船用V型柴油机大小增压器相继增压系统设计研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2012.
[7]	吴鹏. 柴油机米勒循环与两级涡轮增压的研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工程大学, 2013.
[8]	刘博. 柴油机可调二级涡轮增压系统研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2011.
[9]	钱跃华. 双涡轮增压系统匹配方法和优化控制的研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2015.
[10]	顾宏中. 涡轮增压柴油机性能研究[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社, 1998: 7-14.
[11]	顾宏中,郭中朝. 16VPA6STC柴油机改用MIXPC涡轮增压系统研究[J]. 中国造船,2008,49(1): 90-96. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4882.2008.01.014 GU Hongzhong, GUO Zhongchao. A study of MIXPC turbocharging system on 16VPA6STC diesel engine[J]. Ship Building of China, 2008, 49(1): 90-96. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-4882.2008.01.014
[12]	LENG L, QIU H J, LI X N, Et al. Effects on the transient energy distribution of turbocharging mode switching for marine diesel engines[J]. Energy, 2022, 249: 123746.1-123761.11.
[13]	LIU R L, YANG C H, ZHANG Z J, et al. Experimental study on thermal balance of regulated two-stage turbocharged diesel engine at variable altitudes[J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 2019, 28(4): 682-694. doi: 10.1007/s11630-019-1151-3
[14]	WANG J, SHEN L Z, BI Y H, et al. Power recovery of a variable nozzle turbocharged diesel engine at high altitude by response surface methodology and sequential quadratic programming[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2019, 233(4): 810-823. doi: 10.1177/0954407017753913