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基于多带加权包络谱的轴箱轴承故障诊断

陈丙炎 谷丰收 张卫华 宋冬利 程尧

陈丙炎, 谷丰收, 张卫华, 宋冬利, 程尧. 基于多带加权包络谱的轴箱轴承故障诊断[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2024, 59(1): 201-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220047
引用本文: 陈丙炎, 谷丰收, 张卫华, 宋冬利, 程尧. 基于多带加权包络谱的轴箱轴承故障诊断[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2024, 59(1): 201-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220047
CHEN Bingyan, GU Fengshou, ZHANG Weihua, SONG Dongli, CHENG Yao. Axle-Box Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Multiband Weighted Envelope Spectrum[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2024, 59(1): 201-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220047
Citation: CHEN Bingyan, GU Fengshou, ZHANG Weihua, SONG Dongli, CHENG Yao. Axle-Box Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Multiband Weighted Envelope Spectrum[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2024, 59(1): 201-210. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220047

基于多带加权包络谱的轴箱轴承故障诊断

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20220047
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1405401);国家留学基金(202107000033)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈丙炎(1994—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为铁路轴承状态监测和故障诊断,E-mail:chenbingyan@my.swjtu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    张卫华(1961—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为机车车辆设计理论、车辆系统动力学,E-mail:tpl@swjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: U260;U270

Axle-Box Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Multiband Weighted Envelope Spectrum

  • 摘要:

    为增强复杂噪声干扰下轴箱轴承故障检测的鲁棒性,基于循环谱分析并考虑轴承故障信息分布差异和阈值降噪,对轴箱轴承故障诊断的包络谱构造方法进行了研究. 首先,提出频域信噪比作为轴承故障信息量化的新测度,用于评估谱相干中不同谱频带内的轴承故障相关信息;其次,构造以谱频率为变量的故障特征信息分布函数,并自适应确定信息阈值来辨识谱相干中故障信息丰富和干扰噪声主导的谱频率分量,进一步基于故障特征信息分布函数和信息阈值设计权重函数;最后,由谱相干和权重函数生成融合多带信息的多带加权包络谱,通过分析谱中的轴承故障特征频率来检测轴箱轴承的不同故障. 铁路轴箱轴承实验数据的分析结果表明:相比于基于谱相干的典型包络谱方法,多带加权包络谱能够在复杂噪声干扰下准确识别轴箱轴承的外圈、滚动体和内圈故障,并能取得更高的性能量化指标(频域信噪比和负熵).

     

  • 图 1  铁路轮对轴承试验台

    Figure 1.  Railway wheelset bearing test rig

    图 2  外圈故障轴箱轴承的振动信号及其谱相干和EES

    Figure 2.  Vibration signal of axle-box bearing with outer race fault and its spectral coherence and EES

    图 3  外圈故障轴箱轴承的振动信号的Hilbert包络谱

    Figure 3.  Hilbert envelope spectrum of the vibration signal of axle-box bearing with outer race fault

    图 4  MWES方法的外圈故障检测结果

    Figure 4.  Outer race fault detection results of MWES method

    图 5  CIES方法的外圈故障检测结果

    Figure 5.  Outer race fault detection results of the CIES method

    图 6  WES方法的外圈故障检测结果

    Figure 6.  Outer race fault detection results of the WES method

    图 7  滚动体故障轴箱轴承的振动信号及其谱相干和EES

    Figure 7.  Vibration signal of axle-box bearing with rolling element fault and its spectral coherence and EES

    图 8  滚动体故障轴箱轴承的振动信号的Hilbert包络谱

    Figure 8.  Hilbert envelope spectrum of the vibration signal of axle-box bearing with rolling element fault

    图 9  MWES方法的滚动体故障检测结果

    Figure 9.  Rolling element fault detection results of the MWES method

    图 10  CIES方法的滚动体故障检测结果

    Figure 10.  Rolling element fault detection results of the CIES method

    图 11  WES方法的滚动体故障检测结果

    Figure 11.  Rolling element fault detection results of the WES method

    图 12  内圈故障轴箱轴承的振动信号及其谱相干和EES

    Figure 12.  Vibration signal of axle-box bearing with inner race fault and its spectral coherence and EES

    图 13  内圈故障轴箱轴承的振动信号的Hilbert包络谱

    Figure 13.  Hilbert envelope spectrum of the vibration signal of axle-box bearing with inner race fault

    图 14  MWES方法的内圈故障检测结果

    Figure 14.  Inner race fault detection results of the MWES method

    图 15  CIES方法的内圈故障检测结果

    Figure 15.  Inner race fault detection results of the CIES method

    图 16  WES方法的内圈故障检测结果

    Figure 16.  Inner race fault detection results of the WES method

    表  1  不同轴承实验信号包络谱的FDSNR

    Table  1.   FDSNR of envelope spectra of different bearing experimental signals

    故障类型EESMWESCIESWES
    外圈故障1.9124.7753.1072.384
    滚动体故障1.9663.6042.8603.059
    内圈故障1.5072.9491.5151.714
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同轴承实验信号包络谱的负熵

    Table  2.   Negentropy of envelope spectra of different bearing experimental signals

    故障类型EESMWESCIESWES
    外圈故障0.0400.1360.0680.046
    滚动体故障0.0590.1760.1040.116
    内圈故障0.0620.2010.0640.072
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-01-15
  • 修回日期:  2022-07-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-12
  • 刊出日期:  2022-08-29

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