Loose Zone Identification for Surrounding Rock of Tunnels Using Self-Sensing Fiber Reinforced Plastic Anchors
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摘要:
隧道围岩变形和松动圈厚度是隧道结构设计的重要考虑因素和安全运营的重要参考依据，现有的松动圈识别方法和隧道围岩变形测量手段多停留在检测层面，缺乏长期实时监测方法. 为此，研发内嵌光纤的自感知纤维增强复合材料（FRP）锚杆，提出基于内嵌光纤自感知FRP锚杆的隧道围岩智能监测系统，可以实现对围岩变形立体化、全天候的实时监测；结合监测数据与理论分析，提出隧道围岩松动圈的识别方法，并将该智能监测方法应用于广汕高铁陈塘隧道. 研究结果表明：自感知FRP锚杆能够精准探知现场施工对围岩变形的影响规律，型钢钢架对隧道围岩的支护作用较为突出；监测数据可以实时反映自感知锚杆的受力规律，从而准确识别隧道不同位置围岩的松动圈厚度；基于自感知FRP锚杆的隧道围岩智能监测系统将在隧道运营过程中持续、实时监测隧道围岩的变形，为隧道全生命周期的结构安全提供高技术保障.
Abstract:The deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock and the thickness of the loose zone are important considerations for tunnel structure design and an important reference basis for safe operation. However, the existing identification methods of the loose zone and measurement methods of tunnel surrounding rock deformation are mostly at the detection level, and long-term and real-time monitoring methods are inadequate. In this paper, a self-sensing fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) anchor embedded with optical fiber was developed, and an intelligent monitoring system for the tunnel surrounding rock based on the self-sensing FRP anchor embedded with optical fiber was proposed. The monitoring system can realize three-dimensional, round-the-clock, and real-time monitoring of surrounding rock deformation. Based on the monitoring data and theoretical analysis, a method to identify the loose zone of the tunnel surrounding rock was proposed. The intelligent monitoring method was applied to the Chentang tunnel in Guangzhou−shantou high-speed railway for the first time. The results show that the self-sensing FRP anchor can accurately detect the influence of field construction on surrounding rock deformation, and the steel frame has a prominent supporting effect on the tunnel surrounding rock. The monitoring data can reflect the force law of the self-sensing anchor in real time, so as to accurately determine the thickness of the loose zone of surrounding rock at different positions of the tunnel. The intelligent tunnel surrounding rock monitoring system based on the self-sensing FRP anchor will continuously and timely monitor the deformation of tunnel surrounding rock during the tunnel operation and provide a high-tech guarantee for the safety of the tunnel structure during the full life cycle.
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图 8 M1断面右拱肩处锚杆的轴向应变分布
Figure 8. Axial strain distribution of anchor at right spandrel of M1 section
图 10 M1、M2断面左边墙处锚杆轴向应变分布
Figure 10. Axial strain distribution of anchors at left wall of M1 and M2 sections
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