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车轮高阶多边形磨耗发生与演化特征分析

董雅宏 曹树谦

董雅宏, 曹树谦. 车轮高阶多边形磨耗发生与演化特征分析[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2023, 58(3): 665-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210989
引用本文: 董雅宏, 曹树谦. 车轮高阶多边形磨耗发生与演化特征分析[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2023, 58(3): 665-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210989
DONG Yahong, CAO Shuqian. Analysis of Generation and Evolution Characteristics of Wheel High-Order Polygonal Wear[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023, 58(3): 665-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210989
Citation: DONG Yahong, CAO Shuqian. Analysis of Generation and Evolution Characteristics of Wheel High-Order Polygonal Wear[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023, 58(3): 665-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210989

车轮高阶多边形磨耗发生与演化特征分析

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210989
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12272259)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    董雅宏(1987—),女,副教授,研究方向为轮轨动力学与控制,E-mail:dyh@lzjtu.edu.cn

    通讯作者:

    曹树谦(1964—),男,教授,研究方向为非线性动力学与控制,E-mail:sqcao@tju.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: U270.1

Analysis of Generation and Evolution Characteristics of Wheel High-Order Polygonal Wear

  • 摘要:

    针对日益突出的车轮高阶多边形磨耗问题,基于轮轨系统转子动力学模型、轮轨接触模型和车轮圆周磨耗深度模型,建立车轮多边形磨耗发生与演化模型;分析列车运行速度和车轮质量偏心的变化,揭示车轮多边形磨耗发生与演化的规律,并进行现场跟踪实测数据验证;通过模态和灵敏度分析研究系统参数对多边形磨耗的影响. 研究结果表明:车轮高阶多边形磨耗的产生和演化遵循“定频整分”规律,即580 Hz左右的固定频率整分轮对转频时,车轮磨耗会演化成19阶左右的多边形,否则车轮磨耗将趋于均匀;该固定频率主要来源于轮对的2阶弯曲模态,且对车轴直径的灵敏度最大,通过定转速运行、增大车轴直径等措施改变固定频率可有效抑制车轮多边形磨耗.

     

  • 图 1  轮对转子系统动力学模型

    Figure 1.  Dynamic model of wheelset rotor system

    图 2  圆盘瞬时位置及受力

    Figure 2.  Disk instantaneous position and force

    图 3  轮对系统的振动和磨耗特征

    Figure 3.  Vibration characteristics of wheelset rotor system

    图 4  不同偏心量的幅频

    Figure 4.  Amplitude-frequency diagram under different eccentricities

    图 5  不同偏心量的车轮磨耗形状

    Figure 5.  Wheel wear shapes under different eccentricity

    图 6  不同角速度ω的频谱

    Figure 6.  Spectrum diagram under different angular velocities

    图 7  不同频率比下的车轮磨耗形状

    Figure 7.  Wheel wear shapes under different frequency ratios

    图 8  不同固有频率下的振型

    Figure 8.  Mode shapes at different natural frequencies

    图 9  考虑转动效应下轮轨耦合系统振动模态

    Figure 9.  Vibration modes of wheel-rail coupling system considering rotation effect

    图 10  不同扣件刚度幅频图

    Figure 10.  Amplitude-frequency diagram under different fastener stiffnesses

    图 11  不同扣件刚度的磨耗特征

    Figure 11.  Wear characteristics under different fastener stiffnesses

    图 12  不同车轴直径的幅频图

    Figure 12.  Amplitude-frequency diagram under different diameters

    图 13  不同车轴直径的磨耗特征

    Figure 13.  Wear characteristics under different diameters

    图 14  不同车轮质量的幅频图

    Figure 14.  Amplitude-frequency diagram under different wheel masses

    图 15  不同车轮质量的磨耗特征

    Figure 15.  Wear characteristics under different wheel masses

    图 16  不同支承刚度的幅频图

    Figure 16.  Amplitude-frequency diagram under different support stiffnesses

    图 17  不同支承刚度的磨耗特征

    Figure 17.  Wear characteristics under different support stiffnesses

    图 18  固定频率灵敏度分析结果

    Figure 18.  Fixed frequency sensitivity analysis results

    表  1  车轮多边形磨耗参数分析

    Table  1.   Analysis of wheel polygonal wear parameters

    nD/mmω/(rad·s−1f2/Hzfx/Hz
    20915182.129.0580.1
    19875190.530.3576.3
    18830200.832.0575.6
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  轮轨耦合系统的固有频率

    Table  2.   Natural frequency of rotor system of wheel set Hz

    不考虑转动效应考虑转动效应
    刚轮柔轨柔轮刚轨柔轮柔轨柔轮柔轨
    519.40567.16565.42565.42
    559.49567.19580.73580.61
    574.77577.74583.07582.97
    593.11578.03584.48584.37
    605.90585.43585.47585.65
    608.93585.45586.78586.94
    622.27748.22591.33591.35
    648.97769.92621.80621.81
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-11-30
  • 修回日期:  2022-02-17
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-02-18
  • 刊出日期:  2022-03-05

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