基于背门约束系统的车内低频轰鸣声控制

张杰; 庞剑; 张思文; 万玉平; 贾文宇; 雷洋; 付江华

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210979

基于背门约束系统的车内低频轰鸣声控制

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210979

张杰^{1, 2,},
庞剑^{1, 2, ,},
张思文^{1, 2},
万玉平^{1, 2},
贾文宇^{1, 2},
雷洋^{1, 2},
付江华³

1.
重庆长安汽车股份有限公司汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室，重庆 401133
2.
长安汽车工程研究总院，重庆 401120
3.
重庆理工大学车辆工程学院，重庆 400054

详细信息

作者简介:
张杰（1986—），男，高级工程师，研究方向为整车NVH技术，E-mail：zj_lanzhou@126.com

通讯作者:
庞剑（1963—），男，研究员级高级工程师，博士，研究方向为整车NVH技术，E-mail：pangjian@changan.com.cn

中图分类号: U467.493
计量
- 文章访问数: 451
- HTML全文浏览量: 139
- PDF下载量: 51
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-30
- 修回日期: 2022-03-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-13
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-31

Control of interior Low Frequency Booming Based on Vehicle Liftgate Constraints

ZHANG Jie^{1, 2
,},
PANG Jian^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Siwen^{1, 2},
WAN Yuping^{1, 2},
JIA Wenyu^{1, 2},
LEI Yang^{1, 2},
FU Jianghua³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology, Chongqing 401133, China
2.
Changan Auto Global R & D Center, Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China
3.
School of Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China

摘要

摘要:
汽车背门一般通过铰链、锁销、缓冲块等约束系统安装和固定在车身上，其刚体模态振动与车内声腔声压耦合，是导致低频轰鸣声的主要原因. 本文建立了背门振动-乘员舱声压的一维板-腔耦合声学解析模型，分析研究了边界约束刚度对板件振动速度响应及腔内耦合声压的影响规律，并进行了实车实验验证；通过调节锁销相对位移和缓冲块相对高度，解决了某车型低频敲鼓声问题. 分析结果表明：在板件刚体模态振动下，腔内耦合声压幅值沿远离板件方向逐渐增大，且在声腔底部位置最大；板件振动速度相应及腔内耦合声压峰值幅值随边界约束系统刚度减小而降低；在低频轰鸣发生的20～30 Hz频率范围内，乘员舱前排位置声压峰值幅值比中排及后排位置大约8 dB(A)，验证了理论分析结果的正确性；乘员舱内耦合声压峰值幅值随着锁销相对位置的增大和缓冲块相对高度的减小而降低，锁销相对车身向车尾方向增大2 mm或者缓冲块相对高度减小2 mm，可以使背门振动速度减小约0.002～0.003 m/s，前排声压峰值幅值降低3.5～14.8 dB(A).
- 汽车背门 /
- 约束系统 /
- 低频轰鸣声 /
- 控制
Abstract:
The liftgate is generally installed and fixed to the vehicle body through hinges, lock pins, sealing and buffers, whose rigid body modes vibrations are coupled with the passenger acoustic cavity modes, which are the main cause of low frequency booming noise. In this paper, a one-dimensional plate-cavity coupled analytical model including liftgate vibration and passenger acoustic cavity is established, and the effect of the boundary constraints stiffness on panel vibration and sound pressure level in cavity is analytically studied and experimentally verified in real vehicles. The theoretical results show that the sound pressure amplitude in cavity increases along the direction away from the liftgate and reaches the maximum value at the bottom location. The amplitude at the peak frequency of panel’s surface velocity and sound pressure level in cavity decreases with decreasing of stiffness of constraints. In the frequency range of 20−30 Hz, the amplitude at the peak frequency of sound pressure level at front seat is 8 dB(A) higher than that at middle seat and rear seat, which validates the theoretical results. The coupling sound pressure in the passenger cabin decreases with the increase of the relative position of the lockpin and the decrease of the relative height of the buffers. When the lockpin is increased 2 mm towards the rear of the vehicle body or the relative height of bumpers is decreased 2 mm, the liftgate vibration velocity can be reduced by 0.002−0.003 m/s, and the sound pressure level of the front row can be reduced by 3.5−14.8 dB(A).
- vehicle liftgate /
- constraints /
- low frequency booming /
- control

HTML全文

图 1 背门-乘员舱声腔简化一维耦合模型

Figure 1. Simplified model of one-dimension structure-acoustic coupled system between liftgate and passenger acoustic cavity

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 腔内声压分布

Figure 2. Sound pressure of coupled system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 背门系统单自由度简化模型

Figure 3. Single degree of freedom （SDOF） model of liftgate system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 单自由度系统振动速度响应

Figure 4. Velocity responses of SDOF model varying with stiffness

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 2档30 km/h车内噪声测试水平

Figure 5. Tested interior sound pressure level at vehicle speed of 30 km/h

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 背门刚体模态

Figure 6. Rigid mode of liftgate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 背门约束系统刚度影响因素

Figure 7. Influence factors on stiffness of liftgate constraints

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 背门锁对背门约束系统刚度影响

Figure 8. Influence of lockpin location on stiffness of liftgate constraints

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 背门速度响应随锁销相对位置变化

Figure 9. Vibration velocity response of liftgate varying with lockpin location

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 车内噪声水平随锁销相对位置变化

Figure 10. Tested interior sound pressure level varying with lockpin location

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 缓冲块对背门约束系统刚度影响

Figure 11. Influence of buffer height on stiffness of liftgate constraints

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 背门速度响应随缓冲块相对高度变化

Figure 12. Vibration velocity response of liftgate varying with ralative height of buffer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 车内噪声水平随缓冲块相对高度变化

Figure 13. Tested interior sound pressure level varying with ralative height of buffer

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 2档30 km/h车内噪声测试水平

Figure 14. Tested interior sound pressure level at vehicle speed of 30 km/h

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 模型计算参数

Table 1. Properties of the calculated model

物理量值

M/kg 25
K/（N·m⁻¹） 600000
C/（N·s·m⁻¹） 10
ρ/（kg·m⁻¹） 1.21
c₀/（m·s⁻¹） 340
L/m 2

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(14)

[1]	QATU M S, ABDELHAMID M K, PANG J, et al. Overview of automotive noise and vibration[J]. International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration, 2009, 5(1/2): 1-34. doi: 10.1504/IJVNV.2009.029187
[2]	庞剑, 谌刚, 何华. 汽车噪声与振动: 理论与应用[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2006: 93-94. .
[3]	PANG J. Noise and vibration control in automotive bodies[M]. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2018: 105-106.
[4]	PANG J, ZHANG J, ZHANG J, et al. A simplified model for vehicle body panel vibration and sound radiation and interior booming control[C]//21st International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2014. Beijing: International Institute of Acoustics and Vibrations, 2014: 920-927.
[5]	ZHANG J, PANG J, ZHANG J, et al. Experimental and simulation analysis of interior booming induced by vehicle body panel vibration[C]//23rd International Congress on Sound and Vibration: From Ancient to Modern Acoustics. Athens: International Institute of Acoustics and Vibrations, 2019, 28-39.
[6]	ZHANG J, PANG J, WAN Y P, et al. Research and application of reinforcement beams supporting body panel on attenuation of low frequency vibration and sound radiation[C]//Proceedings of China SAE Congress 2019: Selected Papers. Singapore: [s.n.], 2021, 646: 861-871.
[7]	WAN Y P, PANG J, ZHANG J, et al. Research and application of lumped mass damper on the control of vehicle body panel low frequency vibration and sound radiation[J]. INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings, 2019, 259(8): 1390-1398.
[8]	宋福强,罗培智. SUV后背门振动对车内噪声影响的研究[J]. 汽车技术,2017(6): 35-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3703.2017.06.007 SONG Fuqiang, LUO Peizhi. Research on the influence of liftgate vibration of SUV on interior noise[J]. Automobile Technology, 2017(6): 35-39. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3703.2017.06.007
[9]	OSAWA T, IWAMA A. A study of the vehicle acoustic control for booming noise utilizing the vibration characteristics of trunk lid[C]//SAE Technical Paper Series. Warrendale: SAE International, 1986, 861410.1-861410.12.
[10]	SUNG S, CHAO S, LINGALA H, et al. Structural-acoustic analysis of vehicle body panel participation to interior acoustic boom noise[C]//SAE Technical Paper Series.Warrendale: SAE International, 2011: 0496.1-0496.7.
[11]	GUPTA G, GAUTAM R, JAIN C P. Study of coupling behavior of acoustic cavity modes to improve booming noise in passenger vehicles[C]//SAE Technical Paper Series. Warrendale: SAE International, 2014: 1974.1-1974.8.
[12]	DOWELL E H, GORMAN G F Ⅲ, SMITH D A. Acoustoelasticity: General theory, acoustic natural modes and forced response to sinusoidal excitation, including comparisons with experiment[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1977, 52(4): 519-542. doi: 10.1016/0022-460X(77)90368-6
[13]	KIM S M, BRENNAN M J. A compact matrix formulation using the impedance and mobility approach for the analysis of structural-acoustic systems[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1999, 223(1): 97-113. doi: 10.1006/jsvi.1998.2096
[14]	ZHANG J, PANG J, WAN Y P, et al. Analysis of structure−acoustic coupling characteristics between adjacent flexible panels and enclosed cavity[J]. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 2021, 143(2): 021006.1-021006.9.