Simulation Analysis of Levitation System of High-Speed Maglev Trains with Joint Structure
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摘要:
为模拟高速磁浮列车悬浮系统运动过程并分析不同条件下的系统响应，本文围绕悬浮系统建模、控制器设计和仿真分析展开研究. 首先，介绍以搭接结构为基本单元的高速磁浮列车悬浮系统的基本结构与工作原理，通过机理分析方法构建理想情况下的悬浮系统数学模型；然后，对悬浮系统模型进行合理简化，并针对简化模型设计标称控制器；最后，仿真验证了标称控制器的控制效果，并对比分析仿真和实验条件下永磁电磁混合悬浮系统的起浮降落过程. 研究结果表明：仿真得到的悬浮间隙、悬浮电流等物理量的变化情况与实际系统的变化趋势吻合，稳态时误差小于5%.
Abstract:In order to simulate the motion process of the levitation system of high-speed maglev trains and analyze the system response under different conditions, it is necessary to establish a levitation system model and conduct controller design and simulation analysis. Firstly, the basic structure and working principle of the levitation system of high-speed maglev trains with the joint structure as the basis unit were introduced. The mathematical model of the levitation system under ideal conditions was derived through a mechanism analysis method. Then, the levitation system model was simplified reasonably, and a nominal controller was designed for the simplified model. Finally, the control effect of the nominal controller was verified through simulation, and the levitating and landing processes of the permanent magnet and electromagnetic hybrid levitation system under simulation and experimental conditions were compared. The results show that the variation of physical quantities such as levitation gap and levitation current obtained from the simulation coincides with the trend of the actual system, with an error of less than 5% during static levitation.
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Key words:
- high-speed maglev train /
- levitation system /
- simulation analysis
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图 3 高速磁浮列车悬浮电磁铁结构示意
Figure 3. Structure of levitation electromagnet of high-speed maglev train
图 4 搭接结构悬浮系统受力分析图
Figure 4. Kinetics analysis of levitation system with joint structure
图 6 起浮过程搭接结构悬浮系统动态响应
Figure 6. Dynamic responses of levitation system with joint structure during levitating and landing processes
图 7 静浮过程搭接结构悬浮系统动态响应
Figure 7. Dynamic responses of levitation system with joint structure during static levitation
图 8 降落过程搭接结构悬浮系统动态响应
Figure 8. Dynamic responses of levitation system with joint structure during landing
图 10 磁浮列车运行时悬浮间隙响应
Figure 10. Responses of levitation gap when maglev train is operating
图 11 磁浮列车静浮在水泥轨道梁上时悬浮间隙响应
Figure 11. Responses of levitation gap when maglev train is statically levitating on a concrete track beam
表 1 高速磁浮列车悬浮系统参数
Table 1. Parameters of levitation system of high-speed maglev train
参数 数值 $ {k_{\rm{pe}}} $/（Nm2·A−2） 0.0014 ${k_{\rm{e}}}$/（Nm2·A−2） 0.00545 α/A 48.147 β/m 0.00068 
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