Review on Key Technologies of Stable Operation for Magnetic Suspension Support-Flywheel System
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摘要:
作为飞轮电池（飞轮储能系统）中的核心部件，磁悬浮支承-飞轮系统能否稳定运行直接影响整个飞轮电池系统的运行品质. 为促进我国新能源技术发展，加快“双碳”目标实现，在大量前沿研究成果的基础上，系统分析并总结了影响系统运行品质的复杂振动行为，归纳出模态自激振动与强迫响应振动是导致飞轮转子系统失稳的主要因素；基于两类不稳定因素，介绍了拓扑结构、动力学建模、控制策略、辅助保护等与系统稳定运行相关的关键技术的研究现状；提出了拓扑轴系高集成化、系统材料合理配比、辅助控制容错能力及备用轴承高可靠性这几个方面是今后研究的重点领域，旨在为实现磁悬浮支承-飞轮系统的高稳定运行提供解决思路.
Abstract:Magnetic suspension support-flywheel system is the core component of a flywheel battery system (flywheel energy storage system), its stable operation directly affects the operation quality of the whole flywheel battery device. In order to promote the development of new energy technology in China and accelerate the realization of “dual carbon” goal, based on a large number of cutting-edge research, the complex vibration behavior which affects the operation quality of system is systematically analyzed and summarized. And it is concluded that modal self-excited vibration and forced response vibration are the two main factors leading to the instability of flywheel rotor system. Then based on the two types of unstable factors, the research status of topological structure, dynamic modeling, control strategy, auxiliary protection and other key technologies related to the stable operation of the system are introduced. Moreover, research prospects were proposed for high integration of topological shafting, reasonable ratio of system materials, fault tolerance of auxiliary control, and high reliability of spare bearings. The study provides solutions for the high stability of magnetic suspension support-flywheel system．
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Key words:
- magnetic suspension /
- flywheel rotor system /
- stability /
- key technologies
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图 1 长轴式飞轮电池悬浮支承-转子系统拓扑结构
Figure 1. Topological structure of suspension support-rotor system for a flywheel battery with long shaft
图 2 短轴/无轴飞轮电池悬浮支承-转子系统拓扑结构
Figure 2. Topological structure of suspension support-rotor system for a flywheel battery with short shaft/no shaft
图 3 产品级动能回收系统用柱面磁悬浮支承技术
Figure 3. Support technology of cylindrical magnetic levitation for product kinetic energy recovery system
图 8 径-轴向一体化辅助轴承实验装置
Figure 8. Experimental device of a radial-axial integration auxiliary bearing
表 1 抑制飞轮转子振动的控制策略
Table 1. Control strategy to suppress flywheel vibration
控制目标 控制策略 主要方法 抑制模态自激振动（强陀螺效应等） 解耦控制 反馈、特征结构配置、奇异摄动、
智能自适应、逆系统解耦抑制强迫响应振动（不平衡振动等） 不平衡控制 陷波、开环不平衡控制、前馈控制、
最小均方根（least mean square，
LMS）控制、自适应补偿等抗干扰控制 自适应控制、前馈控制、
卡尔曼滤波、重复控制等
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