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建成环境对老年人出行行为影响的空间异质性

杨林川 朱庆

杨林川, 朱庆. 建成环境对老年人出行行为影响的空间异质性[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2023, 58(3): 696-703. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210689
引用本文: 杨林川, 朱庆. 建成环境对老年人出行行为影响的空间异质性[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2023, 58(3): 696-703. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210689
YANG Linchuan, ZHU Qing. Spatially Heterogeneous Effects of Built Environment on Travel Behavior of Older Adults[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023, 58(3): 696-703. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210689
Citation: YANG Linchuan, ZHU Qing. Spatially Heterogeneous Effects of Built Environment on Travel Behavior of Older Adults[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2023, 58(3): 696-703. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210689

建成环境对老年人出行行为影响的空间异质性

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20210689
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52278080)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨林川(1991—),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为交通与土地利用的互动和规划、GIS应用,E-mail:yanglc0125@swjtu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TU984.12

Spatially Heterogeneous Effects of Built Environment on Travel Behavior of Older Adults

  • 摘要:

    随着积极应对人口老龄化战略的提出,老年人成为亟需关注的重要群体. 为弥补现有交通出行研究多关注建成环境对老年人出行行为全局影响的不足,融合2011年香港特区政府组织的大规模交通习惯调查数据、地理数据和谷歌街景图像数据,测度老年人出行倾向和多个建成环境变量,建立三层随机截距(一层:个人,二层:家庭,三层:社区)二元logistic回归模型和地理加权二元logistic回归模型,分析建成环境与老年人出行倾向的复杂关联关系,并借助ArcGIS平台对关联关系进行可视化. 研究结果发现:人口密度、土地利用混合度、交叉口密度和绿视率正向影响老年人出行倾向;地铁可达性和公园可达性的影响不显著;建成环境要素对出行倾向的影响存在空间异质性;土地利用混合度对出行倾向的局部影响是双向的,在城市西部为正向,而在城市东部为负向.

     

  • 图 1  基于街景图像的绿化率测算案例

    Figure 1.  Example of green view index estimation based on street-view imagery

    图 2  建成环境变量系数的可视化

    Figure 2.  Visualization of the coefficients of built-environment attributes

    表  1  变量描述、均值/比例和标准差

    Table  1.   Description, mean/percentage, standard deviation of variables

    变量描述均值/比例标准差
    出行倾向虚拟变量,在过去 24 h 曾经出行为 1,未曾出行为 00.78
    男性虚拟变量,男性为 1,女性为 00.46
    年龄连续变量,单位:岁74.987.23
    疾病虚拟变量,有疾病为 1,无疾病为 00.01
    私有住宅虚拟变量,私有住宅为 1,其他住宅为 00.45
    家庭成员数量离散变量,单位:个2.821.41
    有小汽车虚拟变量,家庭有小汽车为 1,无小汽车为 00.06
    居住地香港虚拟变量,居住在香港为 1,其他为 00.21
    居住地九龙虚拟变量,居住在九龙为 1,其他为 00.36
    居住地新界农村地区虚拟变量,居住在新界农村地区为 1,其他为 00.09
    居住地新界非农村地区虚拟变量,居住在新界非农村地区为 1,其他为 0 (对照组)0.34
    人口密度连续变量,单位:千人/公顷0.480.33
    土地利用混合度连续变量,其值为$\displaystyle -\sum\limits_q {({m_q}\ln\; {m_q} } )/\ln Q$,其中:mq 为第 q
    土地所占比例,Q 为土地种类
    0.530.28
    交叉口密度连续变量,单位:个/公顷0.470.24
    地铁可达性虚拟变量,邻里有地铁站为 1,没有为 00.88
    巴士可达性离散变量,邻里公交站点数量,单位:十个17.1510.04
    休闲运动设施可达性离散变量,邻里休闲运动设施数量,单位:十个16.608.03
    公园可达性离散变量,邻里公园数量,单位:十个0.550.41
    绿视率连续变量,用绿色像素点的比例来估算0.150.03
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  多层二元logistic分析结果

    Table  2.   Analysis results of multilevel binary logistic regression

    变量系数z
    男性0.423***5.06
    年龄− 0.147***− 14.85
    疾病− 3.188***− 7.65
    私有住宅0.2141.29
    家庭成员数量− 0.413***− 9.36
    有小汽车− 0.067− 0.30
    居住地香港0.711***2.92
    居住地九龙− 0.080− 0.30
    居住地新界农村地区1.526***4.89
    人口密度0.630**2.43
    土地利用混合度0.534*1.72
    交叉口密度1.825***3.80
    地铁可达性− 0.103− 0.39
    公园可达性− 0.027− 0.11
    绿视率6.730**2.14
    常量12.540***11.49
      注:***、**、*分别表示在1%、5%、10%的水平上显著.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  地理加权二元logistic回归模型分析结果

    Table  3.   Analysis results of geographically weighted binary logistic regression

    变量系数
    最小值中位数最大值极差
    男性0.2660.2780.3040.037
    年龄− 0.074− 0.073− 0.0710.002
    疾病− 1.466− 1.425− 1.3430.122
    私有住宅− 0.0110.0950.1300.141
    家庭成员数量− 0.299− 0.297− 0.2960.003
    有小汽车0.0840.1500.1820.098
    居住地香港0.3040.3480.4250.121
    居住地九龙− 0.082− 0.0480.0100.092
    居住地新界农村地区− 0.279− 0.195− 0.0590.220
    人口密度0.3480.4290.4610.113
    土地利用混合度− 0.096− 0.0550.0760.172
    交叉口密度0.3920.5230.5740.182
    地铁可达性− 0.351− 0.310− 0.2570.093
    公园可达性− 0.285− 0.236− 0.1970.088
    绿视率1.2522.4013.5092.257
    常量6.8877.1357.3300.442
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-02
  • 修回日期:  2022-06-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-04-07
  • 刊出日期:  2022-07-12

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