Experimental Study on Anisotropy Mechanical Properties of Corroded Rock Mass
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摘要:
溶蚀岩体通常对岩体工程稳定性具有关键控制作用. 为了揭示富含层理溶蚀岩体各向异性力学性质演化规律，分别针对不同溶蚀率（
K = 0%，5%，10%，15%，20%）的岩体进行室内单轴抗压试验，获取每种溶蚀率条件下不同夹角（α = 0°，30°，45°，60°，90°）抗压强度和弹性模量，分析岩体破坏特征，依据试验结果建立含层理溶蚀岩体抗压强度和弹性模量的预测模型，并进行实验验证. 结果表明：抗压强度在α = 0°，90° 时最大，α = 45° 时最小，整体呈现对称U形；弹性模量在α = 60° 最小，α = 90° 最大，整体呈现不对称U形；完整岩体抗压强度以及弹性模量的各向异性指数最大，分别为1.98、3.05，随着溶蚀率增大其值逐渐减小，K = 20%时，分别为1.10、1.36；溶蚀率较小岩体变形破坏受岩体基质和层理控制，以劈裂、错动剪切和滑动剪切为主；随着溶蚀率增大，变形破坏受溶蚀孔隙和骨架控制明显，以骨架鼓胀剪切错动、压碎破坏为主.Abstract:Corroded rock mass usually plays a key role in controlling the stability of rock mass engineering. In order to reveal the evolution law of anisotropic mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the bedded rock mass suffering corrosions, indoor uniaxial compression tests were carried out on rock masses with different corrosion rates (
K = 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) to obtain their compressive strength and elastic modulus at different included angles (α = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°) . Based on the test results, mathematic models for predicting the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the corroded rock mass with beddings were established and then validated by experiment. The results show that the compressive strength achieves its maximum value at the included angleα = 0°, 90°, and achieves its minimum value atα = 45°, presenting a symmetrical U shape as a whole; while the elastic modulus is the smallest atα = 60° and the largest atα = 90°, showing an asymmetric U shape as a whole. The anisotropy indexes of compressive strength and elastic modulus (i.e., RP and RE) of the intact rock mass are the largest, which are 1.98 and 3.05 respectively, and their values gradually decrease with the corrosion rate increasing. WhenK = 20%, RP and RE are 1.10 and 1.36, respectively. The deformation and failure of rock mass with small corrosion rates are controlled by rock matrix and beddings, mainly by splitting, staggered shear and sliding shear. As the corrosion rate increases, the deformation and failure are obviously controlled by dissolution pores and skeleton, and the skeleton swelling, shear dislocation and crushing failure are the main types.-
Key words:
- uniaxial compression /
- corroded rock mass /
- anisotropy /
- failure mode
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图 2 不同溶蚀率抗压强度各向异性特征
Figure 2. Anisotropic characteristics of compressive strength for different crossion rates
图 5 不同溶蚀率弹性模量各向异性特征
Figure 5. Anisotropic characteristics of elastic modulus for different corrosion rates
表 1 溶蚀岩体单轴抗压试验变形破坏特征
Table 1. Deformation and failure of corroded rock mass in uniaxial compression test
溶蚀率/% α/（°） 0 30 45 60 90 0 裂纹由两端产生向中间延伸，穿过基质和层理面劈裂张拉破坏 沿层理面错动，发生张剪切性破坏，同时伴随沿轴向应力方向劈裂破坏 沿层理结构面的复合剪切破坏 沿层理结构面剪切滑移破坏 沿层理结构面剪切劈裂破坏 5 穿过基质和层理面劈裂张拉破坏，骨架效应不明显 沿层理面错动，发生张剪切性破坏，骨架效应不明显 层理结构面的复合剪切破坏，骨架效应不明显 沿层理结构面的剪切滑移破坏，骨架效应不明显 沿层理结构面间的剪切劈裂破坏，骨架效应不明显 10 骨架鼓胀剪切，与溶蚀裂隙贯通，张开
宽大沿层理贯穿面发生剪切破坏，骨架压剪破坏 整体呈现张剪复合破坏，裂缝密集宽大，局部骨架压剪碎裂
破坏整体呈现张剪复合破坏，裂缝宽大，局部骨架压剪碎裂破坏 沿层理结构面间的剪切劈裂破坏，局部骨架压剪碎裂破坏 15 骨架鼓胀剪切明显，局部碎裂破坏 骨架剪切破坏，局部碎裂破坏 骨架剪切破坏，局部碎裂破坏 骨架剪切破坏，局部碎裂破坏 骨架剪切破坏，局部碎裂破坏 20 整体碎裂破坏，不存在明显剪切特征 整体碎裂破坏，不存在明显剪切特征 整体碎裂破坏，不存在明显的剪切特征 整体碎裂破坏，不存在明显剪切特征 整体碎裂破坏，不存在明显剪切特征 
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表 2 模型检验相关数据
Table 2. Data for model validation
组序 K/
%α/
（°）P/MPa E/GPa 误差/% 试验 模型 试验 模型 P E N1 7 25 56.44 57.36 13.68 14.53 1.60 5.85 N2 12 40 42.60 41.10 5.82 6.15 3.65 5.37 N3 15 65 24.76 23.14 6.42 6.88 7.00 6.69 N4 18 75 21.56 23.17 4.64 4.36 6.95 −6.42
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