Optimal Reconfiguration of Distribution Network Based on Backtracking Search Algorithm Under the Background of Non-cooperative Game Theory
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摘要:
为缓解分布式电源大规模接入对配电网安全稳定运行的影响，提出一种考虑分布式电源输出功率的不确定性的有源配电网优化重构方法. 首先，采用非合作博弈理论研究电网调度人员与“大自然”之间的博弈关系，将配电网系统中光伏单元的不确定性视为“大自然”博弈方；其次，以有功网损、负荷均衡度、电压偏差最小为目标函数，建立有源配电网优化重构模型，通过回溯搜索算法（backtracking search algorithm，BSA）进行迭代求解，得到最优重构方案；最后，在IEEE33节点系统进行仿真分析，验证模型的正确性及求解算法的有效性. 研究结果表明，相较传统重构方法，本文方法更充分考虑了分布式电源输出功率的不确定性，并且在最恶劣的情况发生时，得到的重构策略能够使配电网系统的有功网损、负荷均衡度、电压偏差指标分别降低0.31%、0.59%、0.48%.
Abstract:To mitigate the impact of large-scale integration of distributed generation (DG) on the secure and stable operation of distribution networks, we propose an active distribution network optimal reconfiguration method that considers the uncertainty of distributed power generation output, based on non-cooperative game theory. Firstly, non-cooperative game theory is employed to analyze the game relationship between the distribution network topology and DG output, considering the uncertainty of photovoltaic units in the distribution network system as a player. Secondly, an optimal reconfiguration model with the objective functions of minimizing active network loss, balancing load and minimizing voltage deviation is established. The model is solved iteratively using the backtracking search algorithm (BSA) to obtain the optimal reconfiguration solution. Finally, simulation analysis is conducted using the IEEE33-node system to verify the correctness of the proposed model and the effectiveness of the algorithm. The results indicate that, compared to traditional reconfiguration methods, the proposed optimal reconfiguration approach in this study comprehensively addresses the uncertainty of distributed power generation output. In the most adverse scenario, the reconfiguration strategy can lead to a reduction of 0.31%, 0.59%, and 0.48% in active power loss, load balancing, and voltage deviation indices within the distribution network system.
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图 1 有源配电网优化重构求解流程
Figure 1. Flowchart of optimal reconfiguration for active distribution network
表 1 BSA和PSO各运行指标对比结果
Table 1. Comparison results of operation indexes between BSA and PSO
算法 断开支路 目标值 求解时间/s 寻优
率/%BSA 7—8, 9—10, 14—15, 17—18, 28—29 0.2760 272.189 100 PSO 7—8, 9—10, 14—15, 17—18, 28—29 0.2760 407.893 60 
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表 2 不同情形下配电网系统的各个指标变化情况
Table 2. Index changes of the distribution network system in different situations
项目 断开支路 网损
/kW负荷
均衡度电压偏差标幺值 无 PV 8—21, 9—15, 12—22, 18—33, 25—29 208.46 0.758 1.661 重构前 8—21, 9—15, 12—22, 18—33, 25—29 132.98 0.476 1.197 重构后 7—8, 9—10, 14—15, 17—18, 28—29 90.26 0.334 0.826
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表 3 不同情况下的重构策略对比
Table 3. Optimal reconfiguration results of different situations
方法 断开支路 非合作博弈 7—8，9—10，14—15，17—18，28—29 确定性优化 7—8，10—11，14—15，16—17，28—29
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表 4 2种重构策略下各目标值
Table 4. Objective functions for the two methods
方法 网损/
kW负荷
均衡度电压偏差标幺值 加权
目标值非合作博弈 90.26 0.334 0.826 0.2760 确定性优化 90.54 0.336 0.830 0.2775
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