Analysis of Rail Potential Characteristics of AC/DC Dual-system Traction Power Supply System
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摘要:
交直流双制式牵引供电系统中机车过分相前、后工作于不同供电制式，造成了牵引回流特性的差异，影响不同区段钢轨复合电位分布. 采用CDEGS软件建立了交直流双制式牵引供电系统仿真模型，并验证模型正确性和有效性. 计及交流区段和直流区段之间牵引回流的相互干扰，提出了适用于交直流双制式牵引供电系统的钢轨复合电位限值，研究了影响钢轨复合电位分布的主要因素及其敏感度. 结果表明：当无电区不设置钢轨绝缘节时，无电区段长度增大则交直流区段牵引回流的相互干扰程度降低，导致无电区钢轨复合电位减小；土壤电阻率增大则交直流区段牵引回流的相互干扰程度增强，导致无电区段钢轨复合电位增大；直流区段过渡电阻越大，则直流区段钢轨复合电位越高. 交直流区段之间的无电区设置绝缘节能够改变回流结构，避免钢轨复合电位超标，以国内首条双制式线路为例，设置绝缘节后可以使钢轨复合电位直流分量从103.92 V降至60.20 V，保障了人身安全.
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关键词:
- 交直流双制式牵引供电系统 /
- 牵引回流 /
- 钢轨复合电位 /
- 绝缘节
Abstract:In the AC/DC dual-system traction power supply system, the locomotive works in different power supply modes before and after phase breaking, which results in differences in traction return current characteristics and affects the combined rail potential distribution of different sections. A model for AC/DC dual-system traction power supply system is established by using CDEGS software, and the correctness and validity of the calculation model is verified. Given the mutual interference in traction return current between the AC and DC sections, the combined rail potential limit of the AC/DC dual-system traction power supply system is proposed, and the main factors affecting the combined rail potential distribution and its sensitivity are explored. Results show that when the rail insulation joints are not installed in the power free zone, the increase in the length of the power free zone can reduce the mutual interference in the traction return current between the AC and DC sections, leading to the reduction of the combined rail potential in the power free zone. The increase in soil resistivity can aggravate the mutual interference of traction return currents between the AC and DC sections, resulting in increase in the combined rail potential in the power free zone. The greater the rail-to-ground resistance of the DC section, the higher the combined rail potential for the DC section. The insulating joints in the power free zone between the AC and DC sections can change the reflow structure and avoid the out of limits of the combined rail potential. The first dual-system line in China is taken as an example, showing that the DC component of the combined rail potential can be reduced from 103.92 V to 60.20 V when the insulation joints are installed, which can ensure personal safety.
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图 1 交直流双制式牵引供电系统示意
Figure 1. Diagram of AC/DC dual-system traction power supply system
图 2 交直流双制式牵引供电系统牵引回流仿真模型
Figure 2. Simulation model of traction return current for AC/DC dual-system traction power supply system
图 3 轨-排-地电阻网络结构模型
Figure 3. Resistance network structure model of rail-drainage net-ground
图 6 钢轨电位计算与CDEGS仿真结果
Figure 6. Rail potential calculation and CDEGS simulation results
图 9 无电区长度对钢轨复合电位的影响
Figure 9. Influence of free zone length on combined rail potential
图 10 土壤电阻率对钢轨复合电位的影响
Figure 10. Influence of soil resistivity on combined rail potential
图 11 过渡电阻对钢轨复合电位的影响
Figure 11. Influence of transition resistance on combined rail potential
图 12 钢轨绝缘节对钢轨复合电位的影响
Figure 12. Influence of rail insulation joints on combined rail potential
表 1 牵引供电系统导线电气参数
Table 1. Electrical parameters of wire of traction power supply system
系统 名称 导线型号 计算半径/mm 等效半径/mm 单位电阻/（Ω•km−1） 交流 接触线 CTMH-150 6.933 5.399 0.1852 承力索 JTMH-120 6.102 4.753 0.2420 回流线 LBGLJ-185 7.846 6.111 0.1461 贯通地线 TJ-95 6.250 4.740 0.2000 直流 接触线 CTA-120 6.450 6.119 0.1481 承力索 JT-150 7.900 6.988 0.1220 
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