Lighting Spacing in Curved Tunnel Using LED Lights
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摘要:
基于规范中并未考虑LED灯曲线隧道的布灯方式、布灯间距、曲率半径以及光线盲区之间的关系，考虑闪烁频率和盲区界域两约束条件，探究了不同布灯方式所允许的最大布灯间距和最大盲区面积. 首先，针对单侧外侧布灯、单侧内侧布灯、双侧对称布灯及双侧交错布灯4种布灯方式，以平面几何的方法得到光线盲区面积、灯具间距和隧道曲率半径的关系式，并通过偏微分进一步明确之间的关系；其次，以盲区界域作为主要约束条件，分析所允许最大布灯间距与约束盲区界域参数（车长和车宽）之间的关系；最后通过偏微分或代数法比较不同布灯方式允许最大盲区面积大小和允许最大布灯间距大小，并以不同车型作为实例进行验证. 研究发现：在布灯间距或曲率半径某一维度确定的情况下，盲区面积随布灯间距和随曲率半径均呈上升趋势；单侧内侧布灯间距随车长或曲率半径呈上升趋势；单侧外侧布灯间距随车长或曲率半径呈上升趋势，随车宽呈下降趋势；双侧布灯若考虑盲区面积，所得的布灯间距不符合规定，说明只有足够大的布灯间距才存在盲区面积；通过对不同车型的比较得出单侧布灯方式宜选用单侧内侧布灯方式，双侧布灯方式中交错布灯方式和对称布灯方式皆可.
Abstract:At present, there are no specified rules that clarify the relationship between the arrangement of LED lights, spacing of LED lights, curvaturer adius, and blind area. Thus, the maximum allowable spacing and maximum blind area are explored in terms of different luminaire arrangements with the two constraints of flicker frequency and blind area boundary. First of all, according to four luminaire arrangements, i.e., outside unilateral arrangement, inside unilateral arrangement, symmetrically bilateral arrangement, and alternate bilateral arrangement, the expression with respect to the blind area, luminaire spacing and tunnel curvature radiusis obtained with the aid of plane geometry, and through partial differential, their relationships are determined. Secondly, the relationship between the maximum allowable spacing and the parameters of the blind area boundary (car length and car width) is analyzed with the blind area boundary as the main constraint. Finally, by partial differential or algebraic method, different car types are used as examples for verifying the maximum allowable blind area and maximum allowable luminaire spacing with different luminaire arrangements. It is found when either the luminaire spacing or the curvature radius is settled, the blind area increases with the luminaire spacingor curvature radius.In the case of inside unilateral arrangement, the luminaire spacing increases with the car length or curvature radius. For outside unilateral arrangement, it increases with the car length or curvature radius, while decreasing with the car width. If the blind area is considered for bilateral arrangement, the luminaire spacing does not meet the requirements, indicating that only if luminaire spacing is large enough, the blind area exists. Through the comparison of different car models, it is concluded that inside unilateral arrangement is desirable for unilater alluminaire arrangement, and both symmetrically bilateral arrangement and alternate bilateral arrangement are acceptable for bilateral luminaire arrangement.
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Key words:
- curved tunnel /
- blind area /
- geometry /
- luminaire spacing /
- lighting
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表 1 灯距范围与设计速度关系
Table 1. Relations between luminaire spacing range and design speed
v/（km•h−1） S/m 20～40 S > 2.22 或 S < 0.74
60 S > 6.67 或 S < 1.48 80 S > 8.89 或 S < 1.48 100 S > 11.11 或 S < 1.52 120 S > 13.33 或 S < 2.22 
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表 2 不同车型的外廓尺寸
Table 2. Exterior dimensions of different car models
m 车尺寸 小型车 标准车 中型车 大型车 长
宽4.5
1.86.0
2.07.0
2.310.0
2.5
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表 3 不同车型针对不同布灯方式的盲区面积和布灯间距
Table 3. Blind areas of different car models in different luminaire modes (luminaire spacing in m)
布灯方式 项目 小型车 标准车 中型车 大型车 单侧内侧 盲区面积/m2 0.005 0.010 0.020 0.050 布灯间距/m 5.85 7.32 8.50 11.35 单侧外侧 盲区面积/m2 5.770 7.110 9.250 11.060 布灯间距/m 5.64 6.27 7.15 7.82
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