应对移动阴影的车载光伏步进扫描快速功率追踪

韩国鹏; 薛聪聪; 王伟; 陈维荣; 郭爱; 戴朝华; 刘正杰

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20191183

应对移动阴影的车载光伏步进扫描快速功率追踪

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20191183

韩国鹏^1,2,,
薛聪聪¹,
王伟¹,
陈维荣¹,
郭爱¹,
戴朝华^1, ,,
刘正杰¹

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2017YFB1201003）

详细信息

作者简介:
韩国鹏（1988—），男，工程师，研究方向为能源互联网， E-mail：hanguopeng.ts@crrcgc.cc

通讯作者:
戴朝华（1973—），男，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为能源互联网、轨道交通新能源，E-mail： daichaohua@swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: V221.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-12-13
- 修回日期: 2020-07-30
- 网络出版日期: 2020-09-16
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-15

Fast Power Tracking Step-Scanning Method of Vehicle-Mounted Photovoltaic System with Moving Shadows

摘要

摘要: 移动阴影给车载光伏最大功率跟踪（maximum power point tracking，MPPT）带来巨大挑战. 为提高移动阴影遮挡下的功率追踪速度，提出一种新的车载光伏全局最大功率跟踪（global maximum power point tracking，GMPPT）自适应步进扫描方法. 首先，分析温度及辐照强度对光伏单体输出特性的影响规律，基于温度及短路电流预测光伏单体开路电压；其次，基于串联光伏阵列的最大功率点电压与光伏单体输出特性的关系，以及局部阴影条件下多峰曲线峰值点电压和功率的变化特性，提出功率追踪步进扫描的自适应步长求取方法；最后，通过仿真及样车试验对所提算法进行可行性测试和评估. 结果表明：与常规扫描法相比，本算法的追踪速率最高可提升74%，且可避免严重遮挡时无法追踪全局最大功率点的问题.
- MPPT /
- 车载光伏 /
- 移动阴影 /
- 步进扫描法 /
- 自适应算法
Abstract: Moving shadows bring great challenges to maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic power generation systems. In order to improve the speed of MPPT under moving shadow occlusion, a new adaptive step-scanning method for global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) of vehicle photovoltaic is proposed. Firstly, the influence of temperature and radiation intensity on the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells is analyzed, and the open-circuit voltage of photovoltaic cells based on temperature and short-circuit current are calculated; Then, based on the relationship between the maximum power point voltage of the series photovoltaic arrays, the output characteristics of the photovoltaic cells, and the distribution characteristics of the voltage and power at the peak point of the multimodal curve under local shadow conditions, a method of the adaptively adjusting step size for step-scanning MPPT is proposed. Finally, the feasibility test and evaluation of the proposed algorithm are carried out through simulation and photovoltaic prototype vehicle tests. The results show that, compared with the conventional scanning method, the tracking rate of the proposed algorithm can be increased by up to 74%, and the problem that the global maximum power point cannot be tracked in the case of severe occlusion can be avoided.
- MPPT /
- vehicle photovoltaic /
- moving shadows /
- step-scanning method /
- adaptive algorithms

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图 1 不同阴影条件下串联光伏阵列输出特性

Figure 1. Output curve of series photovoltaic array under varied irradiation intensity

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图 2 串联光伏阵列输出电压拟合曲线

Figure 2. Output voltage fitting curve of the series photovoltaic array

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图 3 无遮挡条件下不同算法的性能对比

Figure 3. Performance comparison of different algorithms without occlusion

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图 4 轻度遮挡下不同算法的性能对比

Figure 4. Performance comparison of different algorithms under slight occlusion

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图 5 重度遮挡下不同算法的性能对比

Figure 5. Performance comparison of different algorithms under severely occlusion

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图 6 光伏样车实物

Figure 6. Prototype of photovoltaic vehicle

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图 7 光伏样车电气连接图

Figure 7. Electrical connection diagram of photovoltaic vehicle

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图 8 试验验证结果

Figure 8. Results of experimental verification

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表 1 HN-214标称参数

Table 1. Nominal parameter of HN-214

参数	峰值功率 P_m/W	开路电压 U_oc/V	短路电流 I_sc/A	最大功率点电压 U_m/V	最大功率点电流 I_m/A
取值	214	47.8	6.29	38.5	5.57

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 光伏组件标称参数

Table 2. Nominal parameters of photovoltaic modules

参数	P_m/W	U_oc/V	I_sc/A	U_m/V	I_m/A
取值	233	51.7	6.29	41.8	5.57

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 两种控制器的控制效果对比

Table 3. Control effect comparison of two controllers

控制器	参数	工况
		无遮挡	轻度遮挡	无遮挡	重度遮挡
		T = 0～4 s	T = 4～8 s	T = 8～12 s	T = 12～16 s
市场 MPPT	T_t/s	2.15	1.49	1.62	0.09
	P_m/W	154.6	105.5	152.3	81.4
	E_m/（W•h）	0.150	0.117	0.169	0.090
	E_o/（W•h）	0.097	0.093	0.159	0.028
	η/%	64.5	79.3	94.0	31.0
SS-GMPPT	T_t/s	0.53	0.71	0.55	0.75
	P_m/W	150.6	102.1	149.4	81.4
	E_m/（W•h）	0.146	0.113	0.166	0.090
	E_o/（W•h）	0.138	0.108	0.157	0.083
	η/%	94.3	94.9	94.9	91.8

下载: 导出CSV

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