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铁路盘型制动噪声机理及其控制方法

乔青峰 杨伟东 朱琪 陈光雄

乔青峰, 杨伟东, 朱琪, 陈光雄. 铁路盘型制动噪声机理及其控制方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2021, 56(1): 62-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190799
引用本文: 乔青峰, 杨伟东, 朱琪, 陈光雄. 铁路盘型制动噪声机理及其控制方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2021, 56(1): 62-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190799
QIAO Qingfeng, YANG Weidong, ZHU Qi, CHEN Guangxiong. Generation Mechanism of Railway Disc Brake Squeal and Its Suppression Method[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(1): 62-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190799
Citation: QIAO Qingfeng, YANG Weidong, ZHU Qi, CHEN Guangxiong. Generation Mechanism of Railway Disc Brake Squeal and Its Suppression Method[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(1): 62-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190799

铁路盘型制动噪声机理及其控制方法

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190799
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51775461)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    乔青峰(1978—),男,高级工程师,研究方向为铁道车辆转向架和制动,E-mail:sf-qiaoqingfeng@cqsf.com

    通讯作者:

    陈光雄(1962—),男,教授,研究方向为摩擦振动和噪声,E-mail:chen_guangx@163.com

  • 中图分类号: TB123;TH213.3

Generation Mechanism of Railway Disc Brake Squeal and Its Suppression Method

  • 摘要: 为了研究铁路盘型制动噪声的发生规律及其影响因素,测量了列车运行过程中各种制动工况条件下盘型制动器的摩擦噪声,获得了列车盘形制动摩擦噪声的发生规律;基于模态耦合引起制动摩擦噪声的机理,使用试验测得的闸片和制动盘之间的摩擦系数,建立了由制动盘、闸片、闸片托、制动杠杆和销等组成的全尺寸盘型制动系统摩擦噪声有限元预测模型,研究了铁路盘型制动噪声的影响因素. 试验结果表明:盘型制动摩擦噪声的特征频率为256.78、3904.07 Hz和4320.38 Hz;在特定摩擦副的摩擦性能下,当制动缸推力为10.1 kN和12.3 kN时,盘型制动器最容易产生摩擦噪声,模型预测结果与实测摩擦噪声比较一致;制动闸片的弹性模量对盘型制动噪声有重要的影响,合理的闸片弹性模量有助于抑制制动摩擦噪声.

     

  • 图 1  制动噪声测点布置

    Figure 1.  Measurement positions of brake squeal

    图 2  铁路盘型制动噪声预测模型

    Figure 2.  Prediction model of railway disc brake squeal

    图 3  制动尖叫振动和噪声信号

    Figure 3.  Brake squealing vibration and noise signals

    图 4  尖叫振动和噪声的功率谱分析

    Figure 4.  PSD analysis of squealing vibration and noise

    图 5  闸片托法向振动的时频分析

    Figure 5.  Time-frequency analysis of the normal vibration of pad bracket

    图 6  盘型制动系统不稳定振动频率分布

    Figure 6.  Distribution of unstable vibrations of disc brake system

    图 7  盘型制动器主要不稳定振动的模态形状

    Figure 7.  Mode shapes of several unstable vibrations of disc brake

    图 8  等效阻尼比相对于摩擦系数的变化

    Figure 8.  Variation of effective damping ratio with friciton coefficient

    图 9  闸片弹性模量对摩擦噪声的影响

    Figure 9.  Effect of the pad modulus on friciton squeal

    表  1  摩擦噪声发生的记录

    Table  1.   Records of brake squeal occurrence

    试验工况140 km/h120 km/h100 km/h80 km/h60 km/h50 km/h30 km/h
    紧急制动
    最大常用复合制动
    最大常用纯空气制动
    快速复合制动
    快速纯空气制动
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-09-03
  • 修回日期:  2019-10-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-09-25
  • 刊出日期:  2021-02-01

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