Wind-Resistant Safety Analysis of High-Speed Trains Passing Through Bridge-Tunnel Transition
-
摘要: 列车由隧道驶上桥梁时会承受突变的风荷载，列车的响应发生突变，导致列车的行车安全受到威胁. 以某客运专线桥隧过渡段为研究背景，通过计算流体动力学 （CFD） 数值模拟和车桥耦合振动分析，计算了CRH3型列车通过桥隧过渡段时受到的气动力及车辆响应；对比分析了头车、中间车及尾车的气动力及列车响应，研究了大风攻角对列车气动力及行车响应的影响，探讨了最不利的安全指标. 研究结果表明：越靠近车头的车体，气动力突变与列车响应越大；相比0° 攻角，正风攻角对行车相对有利，+7° 的风攻角下列车受到的气动阻力和力矩减小了约10%；负风攻角会增大列车的气动力突变效应和行车响应，−7° 风攻角下列车受到的气动阻力和力矩增加了约10%；风速在22.5 m/s以下时，CRH3列车能够以200 km/h的车速安全通过桥隧过渡段；20 m/s风速时，车速在325 km/h以下时列车能够安全通过桥隧过渡段；随着车速与风速的增加，轮轴横向力是首先超限的安全性指标.Abstract: When a train travels from a tunnel to a bridge, it bears a sudden wind load, and the response of the train changes abruptly, which will threaten the travelling safety. Taking a bridge-tunnel transition of a passenger dedicated line as the research background, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis are conducted to calculate the aerodynamic forces and responses of a CRH3 train passing through the bridge-tunnel transition. The aerodynamic forces and vehicle responses of the front train, the middle train and the tail train are compared, the influences of wind attack angle on the aerodynamic force and vehicle response are studied, and the most unfavorable safety index is discussed. Results show that the closer the vehicle body is to the front, the greater the sudden variation in aerodynamic load and vehicle response will be. Compared with the 0° wind attack angle, a positive wind attack angle is relatively favorable to the train running, and the +7° wind attack angle brings a 10% decrease in the drag force and rolling moment of the train; however, a negative wind attack angle will increase the sudden variation effect of aerodynamic load and the running vehicle’s responses, and the −7° wind attack angle brings a 10% increase in the drag force and rolling moment of the train. When the wind speed is below 22.5 m/s, the CRH3 train can safely pass through the transition at a speed of 200 km/h. When the wind speed is 20.0 m/s, the train can safely pass through the transition at a speed of less than 325 km/h. With an increase in the vehicle speed and wind speed, the lateral force of the wheel axle is the first safety index to exceed the limit.
-
图 2 列车各部分气动力对比
Figure 2. Comparison of the aerodynamic force for different parts of the vehicle
表 1 风洞实验与数值模型横向力对比
Table 1. Comparison of the transverse force between the CFD model and wind tunnel test
工况 头车 中间车 风洞实验/kN 数值模拟/kN 误差/% 风洞实验/kN 数值模拟/kN 误差/% 车速 270 km/h，风速 15 m/s 36.08 40.34 11.81 16.54 15.57 −5.86 车速 200 km/h，风速 25 m/s 39.60 44.77 13.12 24.34 26.49 8.83 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 各风攻角下头车的气动力突变值
Table 2. Sudden variations in the aerodynamic force at different wind attack angles for the front vehicle
风攻角/（°） 阻力突
变/kN升力突变/kN 力矩突变/
（kN•m）上升段至波峰 波峰至
波谷−7 48.74 9.53 15.19 24.10 −5 48.09 8.87 15.02 23.72 −3 46.85 7.81 14.12 23.03 0 45.20 6.25 12.68 22.35 +3 43.45 5.61 11.40 22.45 +5 42.26 5.19 10.31 20.78 +7 40.68 4.30 8.46 20.27
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 列车各部分响应最大值对比
Table 3. Comparison of the maximum response values for different parts of the vehicle
位置 脱轨系数 轮重减载率 轮轴横向力/kN 横向加速度/（m•s−2） 竖向加速度/（m•s−2） 头车 0.208 0 0.293 5 34.76 0.938 8 0.868 3 中间车 0.169 2 0.253 3 28.53 0.704 6 0.694 4 尾车 0.123 8 0.174 5 17.90 0.459 0 0.559 2
下载: 导出CSV
-
张明金,李永乐,余传锦,等. 深切峡谷桥址区高空风特性现场实测研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2019,54(3): 542-547.ZHANG Mingjin, LI Yongle, YU Chuanjin, et al. Field measurements study on high-altitude wind characteristics of bridge site in deep gorge[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(3): 542-547. 李永乐,遆子龙,汪斌,等. 山区Y形河口附近桥址区地形风特性数值模拟研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2016,51(2): 341-348. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2016.02.013LI Yongle, TI Zilong, WANG Bin, et al. Numerical simulation of wind characteristics over bridge site near y-shaped river junction in mountainous area[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2016, 51(2): 341-348. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2016.02.013 李鹏,梁习锋,牛纪强. 突风口环境下的高速列车周围流场数值[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(6): 1113-1121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7029.2017.06.001LI Peng, LIANG Xifeng, NIU Jiqiang. Numerical simulation of the flow around a high-speed train moving through a crosswind flow[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2017, 14(6): 1113-1121. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7029.2017.06.001 肖政,何德华. 动车组在防风设施过渡段气动性能仿真分析[J]. 绥化学院学报,2017,37(11): 149-152. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0438.2017.11.043XIAO Zheng, HE Dehua. Simulation analysis of aerodynamic performance of emu in transition section of windproof facility[J]. Journal of Suihua University, 2017, 37(11): 149-152. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0438.2017.11.043 肖政. 动车组在风区过渡段的空气动力学性能研究[D]. 南昌: 华东交通大学, 2017. 罗建斌,吴量. 突风下高速列车气动特性数值模拟[J]. 广西科技大学学报,2017,28(4): 19-24,31.LUO Jianbin, WU Liang. Numerical simulation on the aerodynamic characteristic of high speed train under the gust[J]. Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, 2017, 28(4): 19-24,31. 彭栋. 桥梁与其它类型线路过渡段车辆气动特性及优化措施[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017. 乔英俊,何德华,陈厚嫦,等. 列车在风区运行空气动力学性能研究[J]. 大连交通大学学报,2018,39(1): 34-39.QIAO Yingjun, HE Dehua, CHEN Houchang, et al. Study on aerodynamic performance of train running in wind area[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University, 2018, 39(1): 34-39. 李泉,杜礼明. 突变阶跃型阵风作用下高速列车的气动特性分析[J]. 大连交通大学学报,2016,37(3): 27-31. doi: 10.11953/j.issn.1673-9590.2016.03.027LI Quan, DU Liming. Aerodynamic characteristic analysis of high-speed train under gust with mutation step[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University, 2016, 37(3): 27-31. doi: 10.11953/j.issn.1673-9590.2016.03.027 苗秀娟. 瞬态风荷载下的列车运行安全性研究[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2012. YANG W C, DENG E, LEI M F, et al. Flow structure and aerodynamic behavior evolution during train entering tunnel with entrance in crosswind[J]. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics, 2018, 175: 229-243. doi: 10.1016/j.jweia.2018.01.018 李永乐,陈宁,蔡宪棠,等. 桥塔遮风效应对风-车-桥耦合振动的影响[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2010,45(6): 875-881,887.LI Yongle, CHEN Ning, CAI Xiantang, et al. Wake effect of bridge tower on coupling vibration of wind-vehicle bridge system[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2010, 45(6): 875-881,887. DENG E, YANG W, LEI M, et al. Aerodynamic loads and traffic safety of high-speed trains when passing through two windproof facilities under crosswind:a comparative study[J]. Engineering Structures, 2019, 188: 320-339. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.080 SUN Zhuang, DAI Huanyun, GAO Hao, et al. Dynamic performance of high-speed train passing windbreak breach under unsteady crosswind[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2019, 57(3): 408-24. doi: 10.1080/00423114.2018.1469777 ZHANG Tian, XIA He, GUO Weiwei. Analysis on running safety of train on the bridge considering sudden change of wind load caused by wind barriers[J]. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 2018, 12(4): 558-567. doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0455-1 翟婉明. 列车―轨道―桥梁动力相互作用理论与工程应用[M]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2011: 32-36. 李永乐. 风-车-桥系统非线性空间耦合振动研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2003. 田红旗,高广军. 270 km/h高速列车气动力性能研究[J]. 中国铁道科学,2003,24(2): 17-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-4632.2003.03.004TIAN Hongqi, GAO Guangjun. The analysis and evaluation on the aerodynamic behavior of 270 km/h high-speed train[J]. China Railway Science, 2003, 24(2): 17-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-4632.2003.03.004 陈政清. 桥梁风工程[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2005: 56. 姚志勇,张楠,夏禾,等. 基于重叠网格的三维车桥系统气动特性研究[J]. 工程力学,2018,35(2): 38-46.YAO Zhiyong, ZHANG Nan, XIA He, et al. Study on aerodynamic performance of three-dimensional train-bridge system based on overset mesh[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2018, 35(2): 38-46. 田红旗. 列车空气动力学[M]. 北京: 中国铁道出版社, 2007: 322-325. TANG Junfeng, HE Wei, GUO Xiangrong, et al. Influence of wind attack angle on vehicle-bridge coupling vibration for long-span cable-stayed bridge during strong wind[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2018, 49(7): 1760-7. -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(7) / 表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 543
- HTML全文浏览量: 254
- PDF下载量: 33
- 被引次数: 0