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两种焊接工艺下过共析钢轨接头的冲击磨损性能

李炜 宋伟军 戴安 常凯荣 白威

李炜, 宋伟军, 戴安, 常凯荣, 白威. 两种焊接工艺下过共析钢轨接头的冲击磨损性能[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2021, 56(2): 403-410. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190239
引用本文: 李炜, 宋伟军, 戴安, 常凯荣, 白威. 两种焊接工艺下过共析钢轨接头的冲击磨损性能[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2021, 56(2): 403-410. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190239
LI Wei, SONG Weijun, DAI An, CHANG Kairong, BAI Wei. Impact Wear Properties of Hypereutectic Rail Joints Welded by Two Welding Processes[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(2): 403-410. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190239
Citation: LI Wei, SONG Weijun, DAI An, CHANG Kairong, BAI Wei. Impact Wear Properties of Hypereutectic Rail Joints Welded by Two Welding Processes[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2021, 56(2): 403-410. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190239

两种焊接工艺下过共析钢轨接头的冲击磨损性能

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20190239
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目资助(2017YFB0304500)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    李炜(1969—),女,研究员,研究方向为摩擦学、材料科学工程,E-mail:liweijiani@home.swjtu.edu.cn

Impact Wear Properties of Hypereutectic Rail Joints Welded by Two Welding Processes

  • 摘要: 为研究闪光焊、铝热焊两种焊接工艺下过共析钢轨焊接接头的冲击损伤演变行为以及性能差异,在自制的冲击磨损试验机上对过共析钢轨焊缝、热影响区软化部位及母材进行了不同冲击次数下的模拟实验. 研究结果表明:随着冲击次数的增加,钢轨焊接接头的冲击磨损均经历着塑性变形、点蚀破坏和疲劳剥落的过程,冲击损伤是疲劳磨损和氧化磨损共同作用的结果;由于焊接工艺导致的接头组织结构和力学性能的差异,热影响区软化部位冲击时塑性变形最严重,磨损体积和磨损率最大,抗冲击性能最差;由于对闪光焊焊接接头进行了焊后正火热处理,其组织结构及抗冲击性能明显优于铝热焊;硬度对焊接接头的抗冲击性能有显著影响,硬度越高,抗冲击性能越好,疲劳剥落出现的时间越晚.

     

  • 图 1  冲击磨损试验机结构

    Figure 1.  Schematic of impact wear test machine

    图 2  焊接接头硬度曲线和冲击试样取样部位

    Figure 2.  Hardness curve of weld joint and sampling location

    图 3  磨损体积变化曲线

    Figure 3.  Variation curves of wear volume

    图 4  磨损率变化曲线

    Figure 4.  Variation curves of wear rate

    图 5  焊接接头在不同冲击次数下典型的二维磨痕轮廓

    Figure 5.  Typical two-dimensional wear profile of welded joint under different impact times

    图 6  冲击试验前焊接接头典型OM、SEM照片

    Figure 6.  Typical OM and SEM photographs of welded joints before impact test

    图 7  不同冲击次数下焊接接头典型的SEM照片

    Figure 7.  Typical SEM photos of welded joints under different impact times

    图 8  母材M磨痕剖面典型的SEM照片

    Figure 8.  Typical SEM photos for the cross section of the base metal

    图 9  母材磨痕EDX能谱分析

    Figure 9.  Wear scar EDX energy spectrum analysis

    表  1  钢轨材料化学成分质量分数

    Table  1.   Chemical composition of rail materials (mass fraction ) %

    CSiMnPCrV
    0.850~
    1.000
    0.100~
    0.800
    0.400~
    1.300
    ≤ 0.025 ≤ 0.700 ≤ 0.120
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同冲击次数下的磨损结果

    Table  2.   Wear results under different impact times

    次数/
    ( × 105 次)
    磨损结果MSRSHLRLH
    1 磨损深度/μm 4.4 10 7.4 11.2 7.0
    3 4.8 13.1 7.5 13.2 8.0
    5 4.8 13.2 8.2 14.3 9.8
    10 9.1 18.7 9.2 21.0 10.7
    1 磨损体积/cm3 0.42 1.57 0.82 2.30 0.96
    3 0.47 2.83 0.89 2.99 1.22
    5 0.51 2.98 0.99 3.03 1.38
    10 1.07 3.75 1.32 5.25 2.04
    1 磨损率/(μm3•次−1 4.24 15.79 8.23 23.04 9.65
    3 0.24 6.25 0.33 3.44 1.27
    5 0.19 0.78 0.49 0.20 0.80
    10 1.12 1.52 0.66 4.45 1.31
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-04-02
  • 修回日期:  2019-05-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-10-16
  • 刊出日期:  2021-04-15

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