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缩尺轮轨模型中钢轨波磨的相似性

康熙 陈光雄 吕金洲 赵晓男 吴波文 朱琪

康熙, 陈光雄, 吕金洲, 赵晓男, 吴波文, 朱琪. 缩尺轮轨模型中钢轨波磨的相似性[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(6): 1320-1327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180898
引用本文: 康熙, 陈光雄, 吕金洲, 赵晓男, 吴波文, 朱琪. 缩尺轮轨模型中钢轨波磨的相似性[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(6): 1320-1327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180898
KANG Xi, CHEN Guangxiong, LÜ Jinzhou, ZHAO Xiaonan, WU Bowen, ZHU Qi. Similarity of Small-Scale Wheelset-Track Model for Investigation of Rail Corrugation[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(6): 1320-1327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180898
Citation: KANG Xi, CHEN Guangxiong, LÜ Jinzhou, ZHAO Xiaonan, WU Bowen, ZHU Qi. Similarity of Small-Scale Wheelset-Track Model for Investigation of Rail Corrugation[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(6): 1320-1327. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180898

缩尺轮轨模型中钢轨波磨的相似性

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180898
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(51775461)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    康熙(1996—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为轮轨摩擦学,E-mail:kx_kangxi@163.com

    通讯作者:

    陈光雄(1962—),男,教授,博士,研究方向为摩擦振动与噪声,E-mail:chen_guangx@163.com

  • 中图分类号: V221.3

Similarity of Small-Scale Wheelset-Track Model for Investigation of Rail Corrugation

  • 摘要: 为了研究地铁小半径曲线线路的钢轨波磨现象,基于轮轨间饱和蠕滑力引起摩擦自激振动导致钢轨波磨的理论,对全尺寸和缩尺轮轨模型的相似性进行了研究. 分别建立1∶1和1∶5车辆-轨道系统的动力学模型,确定每个车辆模型在通过小半径曲线线路时前转向架导向轮对与轨道间的蠕滑力饱和情况;根据动力学仿真所得轮轨接触参数,建立轮对-轨道-轨枕有限元模型;采用复特征值分析研究各个轮轨系统的稳定性. 研究结果表明:全尺寸和缩尺车辆模型分别通过小半径曲线线路时,导向轮对内外车轮上的蠕滑力均接近饱和;轮对两端垂向悬挂力的偏差小于3%,轮轨接触角的偏差小于5%;相似不稳定振动模态对应的频率偏差均小于3%;缩尺轮轨模型在动力学表现及稳定性方面与全尺寸模型具有良好的相似性,故可用缩尺模型对钢轨波磨的形成机理进行理论与试验研究.

     

  • 图 1  轮轨间蠕滑力饱和状态

    Figure 1.  Saturated conditions of the creep force between the wheel and the rail

    图 2  轮轨间的接触角

    Figure 2.  Contact angles between the wheel and the rail

    图 3  导向轮对两端的垂向悬挂力

    Figure 3.  Vertical suspension force on two ends of the leading wheelset

    图 4  轮轨间法向接触力及蠕滑力

    Figure 4.  Normal contact force and creep force between the wheel and the rail

    图 5  小半径曲线区段轮对-钢轨接触模型

    Figure 5.  Wheelset-track contact model on a sharp curved track

    图 6  小半径曲线轨道上等效阻尼比的分布

    Figure 6.  Distributions of effective damping ratios on a sharp curved track

    图 7  小半径曲线轨道上轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动模态

    Figure 7.  Mode shapes of self-excited vibration of the wheelset-track system on a sharp curved track

    表  1  车辆-轨道系统动力学模型的基本参数

    Table  1.   Basic parameters of dynamic model of the vehicle-track system

    参数名称原数值缩尺系数缩尺后数值
    质量 m/kg m 53 m/125
    转动惯量 I/(kg•m2 I 54 I/625
    刚度 K1/(kN•m−1 K1 5 K1/5
    阻尼 C1/(kN•m−1 C1 52 C1/25
    杨氏模量 E/GPa 210 1 210
    泊松比 V 0.3 1 0.3
    摩擦系数 μ 0.45 1 0.45
    运行速度 v/(km•h−1 60 5 12
    曲线区段超高 H/m 0.1 5 0.02
    曲线区段半径 R/m 350 5 70
    轨道总长度 L/m 700 5 140
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  轮对-钢轨系统的有限元模型参数

    Table  2.   Parameters of finite element models of the wheelset-track system

    参数名称1:11:5
    左侧横向悬挂力/kN 0.233 0.046
    左侧垂向悬挂力/kN 53.681 0.439
    右侧横向悬挂力/kN 0.204 0.046
    右侧垂向悬挂力/kN 49.164 0.382
    轨枕间距 LS/mm 625 125
    摩擦系数 0.45 0.45
    轮轨材料密度/(kg•m−3) 7800 7800
    轮轨材料杨氏模量/GPa 210 210
    轮轨材料泊松比 0.3 0.3
    轨枕材料密度/(kg•m−3) 2500 2500
    轨枕材料杨氏模量/GPa 35 35
    轨枕材料泊松比 0.2 0.2
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2018-11-12
  • 修回日期:  2019-05-08
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-08-18
  • 刊出日期:  2020-12-15

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