Reliability Optimization of Co-phase Power Supply Device Based on Frequency Conversion Control Strategy
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摘要: 同相供电技术能有效解决牵引供电系统普遍存在的过分相问题和电能质量问题. 为了保障同相供电系统的安全可靠运行，作为系统的核心设备，同相供电装置的可靠性优化研究至关重要. 针对同相供电装置特殊的变流器拓扑结构，建立可靠性评估模型，分析了牵引负荷特性及主要电气参数对装置可靠性的影响机理；建立以功率模块失效率最低为目标的变频控制优化模型，采用遗传-粒子群混合算法，得到了最优变频控制策略. 研究表明：改变不同负荷区段内变流器的开关频率，可以有效降低功率元件失效率. 最后以山西中南部铁路应用的工程样机为例，基于实测数据和对比分析，表明在变频控制策略下，装置寿命可增加20.90%，可靠度增长率最大可达到54.17%，证明了变频控制策略可以有效提高装置可靠性.Abstract: Co-phase power supply technology can effectively deal with the obstacles in neutral-section passing and power quality common for the traction power supply system. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of co-phase power supply systems, the reliability optimization of the co-phase power supply device is very important due to its crucial role in the whole system. Thus, a reliability evaluation model is established in view of the special converter topology. Further, how traction load characteristics and main electrical parameters affect device reliability is analyzed. This work finds that altering switching frequency of the converter in different load sections can effectively reduce the failure rate of power components. The variable frequency control optimization model is established with the lowest failure rate of power modules. The optimal frequency conversion control strategy is obtained by the hybrid genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimization (GAPSO). Finally, an engineering prototype applied in Center-South Shanxi Railway is used for data measurement and comparative analysis, indicating that by the use of the frequency conversion control strategy, the device lifetime can be increased by 20.90%, and the growth rate of reliability can reach 54.17%. This proves that the frequency conversion control strategy can effectively improve the reliability of the co-phase power supply device.
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图 2 功率循环失效周期数与Tjm和ΔTj的关系
Figure 2. Relationship between number of power cycle failure cycles and ΔTj with different Tjm
图 4 牵引负荷功率因数与功率元件失效率之间的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between traction load power factor and power component failure rate
图 5 开关频率与功率元件失效率的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between switching frequency andpower component failure rate
图 6 IGBT模块失效率最小优化模型GAPSO算法流程
Figure 6. GAPSO algorithm flow for optimization model of minimizing IGBT module failure rate
图 10 优化前牵引侧失效率与平均结温和结温波动的关系
Figure 10. Relationships between failure rate of traction side，average junction temperature and junction temperature fluctuation before optimization
图 11 优化后牵引侧失效率与平均结温和结温波动的关系
Figure 11. Relationship between failure rate of traction side，average junction temperature and junction temperature fluctuation after optimization
图 12 不同策略下同相供电装置可靠度曲线
Figure 12. Reliability curves of co-phase power supply device with different strategies
表 1 同相供电装置参数
Table 1. Parameters of co-phase power supply device
参数 数值 额定容量/ （MV•A） 5 电网侧输入额定电压/ kV 10 牵引侧输出额定电压/ V 680 电网侧开关频率/ Hz 400 牵引侧开关频率/ Hz 1 500 
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表 2 IGBT模块参数
Table 2. Parameters of IGBT module
项目 电网侧 牵引侧 型号 SKiiP 1513 GB172-3DL V3 SKiiP 2403 GB172-4DL V3 fsw_lim/Hz 9 000 7 000 ton+off/μs 2.8 2.8 Esw_T/mJ 863 780 Esw_D/mJ 128 144
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表 3 GAPSO算法优化结果
Table 3. GAPSO algorithm optimization results
元件 Ich/A fsw_ch/Hz 变频优化前 变频优化后 max Tjm/℃ max ΔTj/℃ IGBT模块失效率/Fit max Tjm/℃ max ΔTj/℃ IGBT模块失效率/Fit 电网侧 IGBT 365 1 096 92.52 38.25 442.21 92.52 36.76 309.80 FWD 108.93 50.14 108.83 48.55 牵引侧 IGBT 366 2 652 113.47 52.64 1 127.48 113.47 50.45 705.27 FWD 111.91 51.46 111.91 49.18
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表 4 优化后元件的失效率
Table 4. Optimized failure rate of each component
Fit 元件 n 13 14 15 电网侧 IGBT 72.92 × 4 42.17 × 4 35.36 × 4 FWD 342.38 × 4 293.61 × 4 274.44 × 4 牵引侧 IGBT 1 141.30 × 4 546.46 × 4 383.18 × 4 FWD 951.55 × 4 458.38 × 4 322.09 × 4 直流支撑电容 268.04 × 12 221.37 × 12 186.80 × 12 串联电抗器 51.00 × 1 控制底板 150.00 × 2 总失效率 13 600.08 8 369.92 6 652.88
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