Influence of Phosphorus Control on Coupling System ofWinery Wastewater and Microalgae Cultivation
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摘要: 为考察酿酒废水-微藻培育耦合体系的最适磷营养条件，对莱茵衣藻、二形栅藻在单一培养和共培养条件下的生长状况进行了观察，并剖析了对酿酒废水中营养盐的吸收去除效率. 采用控制变量法对酿酒废水总磷浓度进行调控，研究了不同磷浓度对微藻的干重、比生长速率、蛋白质含量，以及对总氮（total nitrogen，TN）、总磷（total phosphorus，TP）、化学需氧量（chemical oxygen demand，COD）去除量和去除效率的影响. 研究结果表明：莱茵衣藻对磷需求总体上大于二形栅藻对磷需求，当初始总磷浓度为16.40 mg/L，初始氮磷比为2.45时，莱茵衣藻最终生物量达到839.50 mg/L，藻蛋白含量达到53.37 mg/L，对TN、TP、COD的去除率分别为93.48%、91.75%、67.90%；二形栅藻生物量最高达到650.00 mg/L，藻蛋白含量达到131.04 mg/L，对TN、TP、COD的去除率分别为95.76%、73.93%、83.43%；而两种藻在共培养条件下，其生长曲线处于单一培养两种微藻下的生长曲线之间，TP、TN的去除率分别为83.66%、95.24%，COD的去除规律与二形栅藻类似. 研究发现酿酒废水-微藻培育耦合体系，无论是单一还是共培养体系，酿酒废水总体均能达到地表水环境质量标准（GB3838—2002）的Ⅳ类水总磷要求.Abstract: To investigate the optimum phosphorous condition for the coupling system of winery wastewater and microalgae cultivation, changes in growth of Chlamydoomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus dimorphus were observed under single culture and co-culture conditions, and the absorption and removal efficiency of nutrients were determined in the wastewater. The effect of different phosphorus concentrations on the dry weight, specific growth rate, protein content, and the removal amount and removal rate of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were studied by the control variable method. The results showed that the demand of Chlamydoomonas reinhardtii for phosphorus was greater than that of Scenedesmus dimorphus. When the initial total phosphorus concentration was 16.40 mg/L and the initial nitrogen to phosphorus ratio was 2.45, as for Chlamydoomonas reinhardtii, the final biomass reached 839.50 mg/L, the algal protein content reached 53.37 mg/L, and the removal rates of TN, TP and COD were 93.48%, 91.75%, 67.90%, respectively; as for Scenedesmus dimorphus, the final biomass reached 650.00 mg/L, the algal protein content reached 131.04 mg/L, and the removal rates of TN, TP and COD were 95.76%, 73.93%, 83.43%, respectively. Under co-culture conditions, the growth curves of the two microalgae were between their growth curves under single culture conditions, the removal rates of TP and TN were 83.66% and 95.24%, respectively, and the removal of COD was similar to that of Scenedesmus dimorphus. It was also found that through the winery wastewater-microalgae cultivation coupling system, whether it is single or co-culture condition, the wastewater can meet the total phosphorus requirements of class Ⅳ water quality specified in the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water（GB3838—2002）.
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Key words:
- winery wastewater /
- phosphorus control /
- Chlamydoomonas reinhardtii /
- Scenedesmus dimorphus /
- removal
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图 2 不同磷浓度梯度下微藻比生长速率比较
Figure 2. Comparison of specific growth rates of microalgae under different phosphorus concentration gradients
图 3 不同磷浓度梯度下的蛋白质含量比较
Figure 3. Comparison of protein content of microalgae under different phosphorus concentration gradients
图 4 第17天不同磷浓度梯度下微藻对TP、TN和COD的去除率和去除量
Figure 4. Removal rate and removal amount of TP、TN and COD from microalgae under different phosphorus concentrations on 17th day
图 5 不同磷浓度梯度下微藻对TP吸收速率比较
Figure 5. Comparison of TP uptake rate of microalgae under different phosphorus concentration gradients
图 6 不同磷浓度梯度下TN浓度变化比较
Figure 6. Comparison of TN concentration in culture medium under different phosphorus concentration gradients
图 7 不同磷浓度梯度下COD浓度变化比较
Figure 7. Comparison of COD concentration in culture medium under different phosphorus concentrations
表 1 酿酒废水成分组成
Table 1. Composition of winery wastewater
指标 出厂水 预处理后 稀释2倍：50%，V/V pH值 4.87 6.92 6.98 COD/（mg•L–1） 4 037.00 3 890.00 1 867.50 TN/（mg•L–1） 87.76 84.80 40.25 TP/（mg•L–1） 35.41 34.90 16.40 
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