• ISSN 0258-2724
  • CN 51-1277/U
  • EI Compendex
  • Scopus 收录
  • 全国中文核心期刊
  • 中国科技论文统计源期刊
  • 中国科学引文数据库来源期刊

基于动态规划的混合动力有轨电车能量管理方法

陈维荣 胡斌彬 李奇 燕雨 孟翔

陈维荣, 胡斌彬, 李奇, 燕雨, 孟翔. 基于动态规划的混合动力有轨电车能量管理方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(5): 903-911. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180470
引用本文: 陈维荣, 胡斌彬, 李奇, 燕雨, 孟翔. 基于动态规划的混合动力有轨电车能量管理方法[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2020, 55(5): 903-911. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180470
CHEN Weirong, HU Binbin, LI Qi, YAN Yu, MENG Xiang. Energy Management Method for Hybrid Electric Tram Based on Dynamic Programming Algorithm[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(5): 903-911. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180470
Citation: CHEN Weirong, HU Binbin, LI Qi, YAN Yu, MENG Xiang. Energy Management Method for Hybrid Electric Tram Based on Dynamic Programming Algorithm[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2020, 55(5): 903-911. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180470

基于动态规划的混合动力有轨电车能量管理方法

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180470
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51977181);四川省科技计划项目(19YYJC0698);霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金(171104)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈维荣(1965—),男,教授,研究方向为电力系统及其自动化、工业监控技术、新能源技术及其应用,E-mail:wrchen@home.swjtu.edu.cn

Energy Management Method for Hybrid Electric Tram Based on Dynamic Programming Algorithm

  • 摘要: 针对传统动态规划算法在燃料电池混合动力系统能量分配中存在的误差累积问题,以及为进一步提高燃料电池混合动力有轨电车的耐久性和燃料经济性,提出了一种基于改进动态规划算法的燃料电池混合动力有轨电车能量管理方法;改进动态规划算法在传统动态规划的基础上调整了状态转移方程,通过只对系统状态量进行离散从而避免计算过程中的插值计算导致的误差累积;同时将系统等效氢耗、动力电池充电状态(SOC)约束和燃料电池加、减载带来的耐久性问题作为优化目标构成加权惩罚函数,使系统在获得良好燃料经济性的同时兼顾耐久性;将所提管理方法与功率跟随和传统动态规划进行对比分析. 研究结果表明:所提方法相较于功率跟随方法,使末态SOC值降低了13.3%,燃料经济性提高了78%;相较于基于传统动态规划算法的能量管理方法,使燃料经济性提高了3.5%,且SOC变化范围和燃料电池变载情况均具有显著改善.

     

  • 图 1  有轨电车动力系统拓扑结构

    Figure 1.  Topological structure of tram powertrain

    图 2  燃料电池效率-功率曲线

    Figure 2.  Efficiency-power curves of fuel cell battery

    图 3  动力电池模型及其效率曲线

    Figure 3.  Battery model and efficiency curve

    图 4  S曲线

    Figure 4.  S Curve

    图 5  状态转移情况

    Figure 5.  Diagram of state transition

    图 6  改进动态规划算法流程

    Figure 6.  Flow chart of improved dynamic programming

    图 7  仿真结果

    Figure 7.  Simulation results

    表  1  混合动力有轨电车主要参数

    Table  1.   Main parameters of the hybrid electric tram

    参数取值
    母线电压/V750
    车辆编组Mc-T-Mc
    轴重/t10.5
    最高运行速度/(km•h−170
    最大坡度5‰
    列车长度/m30.19
    列车宽度/m2.65
    列车自重/t51.06
    续驶里程/km30
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  燃料电池模块参数

    Table  2.   Module parameters of fuel cell

    参数取值
    总功率/kW150
    工作电压/V465~730
    最大电流/A300
    燃料氢气
    氧化剂空气
    额定空气流量/(L•min−1)3 653
    额定空气压力/kPa206
    工作温度/K330
    重量/kg404
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  动力电池模块参数

    Table  3.   Module parameters of battery

    参数取值
    额定电压/V 3.7
    额定容量/(A•h) 10
    内阻/Ω 1.5
    放电截止电压/V 2
    最大充电电压/V 4.1
    最大放电电流/(A•h) 120
    充电方式 CC/CA
    循环寿命/次 10 000
    重量/kg 0.3
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  性能指标对比

    Table  4.   Comparison of performance index

    性能指标氢耗量/gSOC
    开始值结束值最大偏移
    功率跟随
    策略
    139.5 0.600 0 0.680 5 0.083 5
    传统 DP 81.1 0.600 0 0.600 4 0.026 0
    I-DP 78.3 0.600 0 0.600 4 0.013 2
    下载: 导出CSV
  • 陈维荣,钱清泉,李奇. 燃料电池混合动力列车的研究现状与发展趋势[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2009,44(1): 1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2009.01.001

    CHEN Weirong, QIAN Qingquan, LI Qi. Inves-tigation status and development trend of hybrid power train based on fuel cell[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2009, 44(1): 1-6. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2009.01.001
    陈维荣,刘嘉蔚,李奇,等. 质子交换膜燃料电池故障诊断方法综述及展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16): 4712-4721.

    CHEN Weirong, LIU Jiawei, LI Qi, et al. Review and prospect of fault diagnosis methods for proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. Proceeding of the CESS, 2017, 37(16): 4712-4721.
    XIE C, XU X, BUJLO P, et al. Fuel cell and lithium iron phosphate battery hybrid powertrain with an ultracapacitor bank using direct parallel structure[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2015, 279: 487-494. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.029
    LI Qi, CHEN Weirong, LIU Zhixiang, et al. Develop-ment of energy management system based on a power sharing strategy for a fuel cell-battery-supercapacitor hybrid tramway[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2015, 279: 267-280. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.12.042
    HAN Ying, LI Qi, WANG Tianhong, et al. Multi-source coordination energy management strategy based on SOC consensus for a PEMFC-battery- supercapacitor hybrid tramway[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2018, 67(1): 296-305. doi: 10.1109/TVT.2017.2747135
    BANVAIT H, ANWAR S, CHEN Y. A rule-based energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV)[C]//American Control Conference. New York: IEEE, 2009: 3938-3943
    YEDAVALI K, GUO L, ZINGER D S. Simple control system for a switcher locomotive hybrid fuel cell power system[J]. Industry Applications, IEEE Transaction, 2010, 47(6): 2384-2390
    MARTIN S, LARS E. Design and evaluation of energy management using map-based ECMS for the PHEV benchmark[J]. Oil & Gas Science & Technology, 2015, 70(1): 159-178.
    林歆悠,孙冬野,秦大同,等. 混联式混合动力客车全局优化控制策略研究[J]. 中国机械工程,2011,22(18): 2259-2263.

    LIN Xinyou, SUN Dondye, QIN Datong, et al. Development of power-balabcing global optimization control strategy for a series-parallel hybrid electric city bus[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 22(18): 2259-2263.
    PÉREZ L V, BOSSIO G R, MOITRE D. Optimization of power management in an hybrid electric vehicle using dynamic programming[J]. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, 2006, 73(1): 244-254.
    RURGLADDAPAN J, UTHAICHANA K, KAEW-KHAM-AI B. Li-ion battery sizing and dynamic programming for optimal power-split control in a hybrid electric vehicle[C]//International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology. [S.l.]: IEEE, 2012: 1-5.
    XU L, OUYANG M, LI J, et al. Dynamic programming algorithm for minimizing operating cost of a PEM fuel cell vehicle[C]//Proceedings of the 21st IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics. Hangzhou: IEEE, 2012: 28-31
    FARES D, CHEDID R, PANIK F, et al. Dynamic programming technique for optimizing fuel cell hybrid vehicles[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40(24): 7777-7790. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.12.120
    舒红,蒋勇,高银平. 中度混合动力汽车模型预测控制策略[J]. 重庆大学学报,2010,33(1): 36-41.

    SU Hong, JIANG Yong, GAO Yinping. Model predictive control strategy of a medium hybrid electric vehicle[J]. Journal of Chongqing University, 2010, 33(1): 36-41.
    SHEN C Y, XIA C Y. Notice of retractionoptimal power split in a hybrid electric vehicle using improved dynamic programming[C]//Power & Energy Engineering Conference. [S.l.]: IEEE, 2010.
    宋珂,张涛,牛文旭,等. 燃料电池汽车能量管理动态规划算法的误差累积问题及解决方法[J]. 汽车工程,2017,39(3): 249-255.

    SONG Ke, ZHANG Tao, NIU Wenxu, et al. Error accumulation problem and solution of dynamic programming algorithm for energy management of fuel cell electric vehicles[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2017, 39(3): 249-255.
    陈维荣,卜庆元,刘志祥,等. 燃料电池混合动力有轨电车动力系统设计[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2016,51(3): 430-436. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2016.03.003

    CHEN Weirong, BU Qingyuan, LIU Zhixiang, et al. Power system design for a fuel cell hybrid power tram[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2016, 51(3): 430-436. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2016.03.003
    陈维荣,张国瑞,孟翔. 等. 燃料电池混合动力有轨电车动力性分析与设计[J]. 西南交通大学学报,2017,52(1): 1-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2017.01.001

    CHEN Weirong, ZHANG Guorui, MENG xiang, et al. Dynamic performance analysis and design of fuel cell hybrid locomotive[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2017, 52(1): 1-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.2017.01.001
    邹渊, 侯仕杰, 韩尔樑, 等.基于动态规划的混合动力商用车能量管理策略优化[J].汽车工程, 2012, 34(8): 663-668.

    ZHOU Yuan, HOU Shijie, HAN Erliang, et al. Dynamic programming-based energy management strategy optimization for hybrid electric commercial vehicle[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2012, 34(8): 663-668.
    邓涛, 韩海硕, 罗俊林.基于动态规划算法的混合动力汽车改进型ECMS能量管理控制研究[J].中国机械工程, 2018, 29(3): 326-332.

    DENG Tao, HAN Haishuo, LUO Junlin. Improved ECMS energy management control of HEVs based on DP algorithm[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 29(3): 326-332
    PAGANELLI G, ERCOLE G, BRAHMA A, et al. General supervisory control policy for the energy optimization of charge-sustaining hybrid electric vehicles[J]. Jsae Review, 2001, 22(4): 511-518. doi: 10.1016/S0389-4304(01)00138-2
  • 加载中
图(7) / 表(4)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  824
  • HTML全文浏览量:  454
  • PDF下载量:  39
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-06-07
  • 修回日期:  2018-10-10
  • 网络出版日期:  2018-10-15
  • 刊出日期:  2020-10-01

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回