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真空管道运输系统发展现状及展望

邓自刚 张勇 王博 张卫华

邓自刚, 张勇, 王博, 张卫华. 真空管道运输系统发展现状及展望[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2019, 54(5): 1063-1072. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180204
引用本文: 邓自刚, 张勇, 王博, 张卫华. 真空管道运输系统发展现状及展望[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2019, 54(5): 1063-1072. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180204
DENG Zigang, ZHANG Yong, WANG Bo, ZHANG Weihua. Present Situation and Prospect of Evacuated Tube Transportation System[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(5): 1063-1072. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180204
Citation: DENG Zigang, ZHANG Yong, WANG Bo, ZHANG Weihua. Present Situation and Prospect of Evacuated Tube Transportation System[J]. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 2019, 54(5): 1063-1072. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180204

真空管道运输系统发展现状及展望

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0258-2724.20180204
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875485);四川省青年科技基金资助项目(2016JQ0039)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    邓自刚(1982—),男,研究员,博士,研究方向为高温超导磁悬浮及真空管道磁浮交通,E-mail:deng@swjtu.cn

  • 中图分类号: U237

Present Situation and Prospect of Evacuated Tube Transportation System

  • 摘要: 作为一种新型交通系统,真空管道运输系统将悬浮列车技术和低气压管道技术相结合,理论上能够最大限度地减小列车高速运行时的摩擦阻力和气动阻力.为了促进真空管道运输系统的发展,从基本原理角度,系统论述了真空管道运输系统的可行性及车辆、管道、驱动装置等子系统关键构成,指出了其快速、便捷、安全、环保和高效等优势;介绍了国内外真空管道运输系统的研究现状,包括美国ET3、美国Hyperloop、瑞士超高速地铁Swissmetro,以及西南交通大学真空管道高温超导磁悬浮车试验平台,比较分析了各单位在车辆、管道、驱动装置及造价等方面的技术特点和优势;展望了当前发展真空管道运输系统亟需解决的关键问题,并指出车轨作用、高速直线牵引、气动和散热、管道密封以及管道内通信、救援这几个方面是今后需要重点研究的领域.

     

  • 图 1  上海常导磁悬浮列车

    Figure 1.  EMS train in Shanghai

    图 2  日本低温超导EDS列车

    Figure 2.  Low-temperature superconducting electrodynamic suspension train in Japan

    图 3  中国高温超导磁悬浮列车“世纪号”

    Figure 3.  High temperature superconducting maglev vehicle“Century”in China

    图 4  气动悬浮车效果

    Figure 4.  Schematic of aerodynamic levitation vehicle

    图 5  ET3公司设计效果

    Figure 5.  Schematic designed by ET3 company

    图 6  Swissmetro列车设计图

    Figure 6.  Swissmetro trains design scheme

    图 7  Hyperloop one公司车辆

    Figure 7.  Vehicle designed by Hyperloop one company

    图 8  真空管道高温超导磁悬浮车实验平台Super-Maglev

    Figure 8.  Experimental facility named Super-Maglev for evacuated tube transport with high temperature superconducting maglev vehicle

    表  1  几种悬浮技术的对比

    Table  1.   Comparison of several suspension technologies

    项目悬浮技术
    常导磁悬浮低温超导磁悬浮高温超导磁悬浮气动悬浮
    路轨要求较高极高
    控制系统复杂较复杂简单难以控制
    悬浮状态须耗能低速需轮轨静止悬浮依靠气膜悬浮
    悬浮高度/mm810010~300.5~1.3
    成本
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  各种运输系统能耗及成本对比

    Table  2.   Comparison of consumption and cost among several transport systems

    指标运输系统
    水路公路铁路民航
    单位能耗/(×103 kg•t−1•km−196410434
    单位成本/(×103 元•t−1•km−119219222 800
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  ET3、Swissmetro和Hyperloop系统参数对照

    Table  3.   Parameters comparison among ET3,Swissmetro and Hyperloop system

    系统车辆管道其它规划
    悬浮类型形状尺寸/m车重/t承载人数/位结构位置材料气压/kPa驱动装置供电装置经费试验线路及线路长度/km最高时速/(km•h−1
    ET3磁悬浮胶囊小车直径1.30,长4.80183×10−36双向10.13直线电机供电网和蓄电池140万美元/km,2.8万美元/辆纽约—好莱坞,
    4 600
    6 500
    Swissmetro电磁悬浮列车直径3.50,长200.00100800双向并行地下隧道钢筋混凝土管片10.13直线电机供电网和蓄电池50亿瑞士法郎日内瓦—洛桑,63500
    Hyperloop气动悬浮Hyperloop宽1.35,高1.101528双向并行高架桥金属0.10电动空气压缩机太阳能和蓄电池60亿美元加州5号公路沿线,81 220
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  Super-Maglev具体参数

    Table  4.   Super-Maglev parameters

    管道直径/m长度/m气压
    /kPa
    实验速度/(km•h−1牵引制动
    2.045.0,环形;弯道半径6.0,直线段长度3.6101.0~
    10.1
    0~50直线感应电机配合机械混合制动
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-04-09
  • 修回日期:  2018-08-10
  • 网络出版日期:  2018-09-14
  • 刊出日期:  2019-10-01

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