Design Method of Hydraulic Valve Block for Tunnel Boring Machine
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摘要: 为了改善基础振动下液压阀块流道流通品质，基于有限元原理建立了基础振动下流道的仿真模型并验证了仿真模型的正确性；分析了基础振动下不同流道的布局方式，工艺孔结构参数，进出口流道长度对流道压降特性的影响；提出了基础振动下液压阀块的设计流程. 研究结果表明：基础振动下U型流道压降特性最好，Z型流道最差；U型流道工艺孔长度越短，流道压降平均值和压降波动越小；Z型流道工艺孔长度为3.5倍工艺孔直径，V型流道的工艺孔长度为3倍工艺孔直径时，流道压降平均值和压降波动较小；工艺孔直径略大于进出口流道直径时，有利于减小基础振动的影响；出口流道的长度在3倍出口流道直径以上时，有利于避免流道出口处于转弯后流场的恢复区. 新的设计方法能够有效减小阀块内流体压降大小，提高压力稳定性.Abstract: In order to improve the flow quality of flow channels in hydraulic valve block under foundation vibration, a simulation model of flow channels under foundation vibration was established based on finite element theory and the correctness of the simulation model was verified. The effects of the different flow channels layout, process holes structure parameters, import and export flow length on the pressure drop characteristics of flow channels were analyzed under the foundation vibration. The design flow of hydraulic valve block under the foundation vibration was put forward. The results show that the U-shaped flow channel has the best pressure drop characteristics and Z-shaped has the worst pressure drop characteristics under the foundation vibration; the shorter U-shaped groove hole length is, the smaller the pressure drop average and the pressure drop fluctuating is; when the length of Z-shaped flow channel fabrication hole is 3.5 times the diameter of fabrication hole, the length of V-shaped flow channel fabrication hole is 3 times the diameter of fabrication hole, the average and fluctuating of pressure drop are less; it is helpful to reduce the impact of foundation vibration when the diameter of fabrication hole is bigger than the diameter of import and export flow channel; when the length of the export flow channel is over 3 times the diameter of export flow channel, it is beneficial to avoid recovery area after the outlet flow channel in turn flow field. The new method can effectively reduce the pressure drop in valve block and improve the pressure stability.
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Key words:
- valve block /
- pressure drop characteristic /
- structure parameter /
- design method
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图 3 不同布局方式下的压降特性
Figure 3. Pressure drop characteristics under the different layout ways
图 4 压降特性曲线与工艺孔长度的关系
Figure 4. Relationship between pressure drop characteristics and the length of fabrication hole
图 5 压降特性曲线与工艺孔直径的关系
Figure 5. Relationship between pressure drop characteristics and the diameter of fabrication hole
图 6 压降特性曲线与工艺孔冗余腔长度的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between pressure drop characteristics and the redundancy cavity length of fabrication hole
图 9 无基础振动下流道流量-压降曲线
Figure 9. Flow-pressure drop curve of U-shaped and Z-shaped channel without foundation vibration
图 10 基础振动下压降波动幅值
Figure 10. Fluctuation amplitude of pressure drop under foundation vibration
图 11 基础振动下阀块的设计流程
Figure 11. Design flow of valve block under the foundation vibration
表 1 流体介质参数
Table 1. Parameters of fluid
介质类型 密度/（kg•m – 3） 动力粘度/（kg•（m•s）−1） 热传导系数/（W•（m•k）−1） 比热容/（J•（kg•k）−1） 46号液压油 870 0.039 15 0.12 1 700 
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表 2 液压元件类型
Table 2. Types of hydraulic element
标号 名称 型号 3 比例调速阀 RPCED1-25/T3 4 二位二通换向阀 DS3-TA23/10N 5 比例溢流阀 RPCED10-350/10N-D24K1 6 三位四通换向阀 DS3-S3/10N-D24K1
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